1 / 21

Diuretic Therapy and Drugs for Renal Failure

Urinary System. Name the structures of the urinary system.Identify the functional unit of the kidney.Discuss the importance of overall kidney function. . Kidneys. Discuss kidney function as it relates to the following mechanisms:RegulationSecretionProduction . Nephron. Processes Critical to Drug Pharmacokinetics.

emmy
Download Presentation

Diuretic Therapy and Drugs for Renal Failure

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    1. Diuretic Therapy and Drugs for Renal Failure Chapter 30

    2. Urinary System Name the structures of the urinary system. Identify the functional unit of the kidney. Discuss the importance of overall kidney function.

    3. Kidneys Discuss kidney function as it relates to the following mechanisms: Regulation Secretion Production

    4. Nephron

    5. Processes Critical to Drug Pharmacokinetics Tubular reabsorption Small molecules Water Glucose, amino acids, sodium, chloride, calcium, bicarbonate Tubular secretion Larger molecules Potassium, phosphate, Hydrogen, Ammonium

    6. Discussion You patients urinalysis is positive for protein. What is the significance of this finding? Impaired tubular reabsorption and secretion mechanisms will affect drug levels. Describe how pharmacotherapy will be adapted.

    7. Renal Failure Kidney function decreases ? inability to maintain electrolyte and fluid balance and excrete waste products. Identify the etiology of renal failure. Describe the primary treatment goal.

    8. Assessment of Kidney Function Identify lab/diagnostic tests used to assess kidney function. Describe the best marker for estimating kidney function. Discuss the nephrons ability to compensate for decreased kidney function.

    9. Classifications of Renal Failure Acute Sudden onset Requires immediate care May be reversible Chronic Insidious, develops over time Associated with DM, HTN Can progress to ESRD

    10. Pharmacotherapy and Renal Failure Nephrotoxic drugs can cause acute or chronic renal failure. Remember common nephrotoxic drugs:

    11. Pharmacotherapy of Renal Failure What is the overarching goal of pharmacotherapy? What types of drugs will be included? Why? Discuss associated pharmacotherapy for diabetics.

    12. Diuretic Therapy Describe the most common mechanism of action. Compare and contrast the MOA of the three major and 1 miscellaneous diuretic groups. Pharmacology Illustrated 30.1 Mechanism of Action of Diuretics. P. 427

    14. Combining Diuretics Common combination drugs Aldactazide Apresazide Dyazide What is the indication for this process? What is the rationale for this process?

    15. Loop Diuretics Review previous material IV administration ? rapid diuresis Furosemide:? urine output when ? perfusion Key baseline info: Current urine output K+, Na+, CL-, BUN, Creatinine, uric acid, glucose Elderly: ? risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

    17. Thiazide Diuretics Review previous material For edema 2 mild to moderate renal failure Not effective in severe renal disease Classified by duration of action Key baseline info: Current level of urine output Electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, uric acid, glucose Can cause photosensitivity

    19. Potassium-sparing Diuretics Review previous material Eplerenone fewer adverse reactions than spironolactone Key baseline info: Current level of urine output Electrolytes, BUN, Creatinine Must monitor of hyperkalemia Elderly: ? risk confusion, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances Monitor K+ intake

    21. Osmotic Diuretics Mannitol; Urea Potent diuretic Only administered IV Can worsen edema associated with pre-existing HF or pulmonary edema Decreases ICP 2 cerebral edema

    22. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Acetazolamide (Diamox) ? intraocular pressure 2 open-angle glaucoma Anticonvulsant Motion sickness; mountain sickness Dichlorphenamide (Daranide)-- Methazolamide (Neptazine)

More Related