1 / 26

The Future (?)

The Future (?). Data from past 100 years: CO 2 conc. has risen by 25% average temp. increase: 0.5-0.7 0 C. Current: doubling the CO 2 conc.  + 1.8-6.3 0 C (2.5-10.4 0 F by 2100) CO 2 is a major part of the greenhouse effect Earth’s average temperature is increasing.

emerald-mills
Download Presentation

The Future (?)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Future (?) Data from past 100 years: CO2 conc. has risen by 25% average temp. increase: 0.5-0.7 0C Current: doubling the CO2 conc.  +1.8-6.3 0C (2.5-10.4 0F by 2100) CO2 is a major part of the greenhouse effect Earth’s average temperature is increasing

  2. Shape of Molecules (3.3) Greenhouse gases: CO2, CH4, N2O, O3, H2O, CFCs Not greenhouse gases: O2, N2, Ar Why the difference? Shape!

  3. VSEPR Lewis structures: 2D Reality: 3D • Bonds are made of electrons • Negatively charged • Repel each other (still attracted to protons) • Want to be as far apart as possible!

  4. H H . 109 5 C H H C H H H H Example: Methane CH4: tetrahedral

  5. Fig.3.7

  6. Fig.3.8

  7. Fig.3.9 “Trigonal Pyrimidal”

  8. Fig.3.10 “Bent”

  9. Fig.3.11 “Linear”

  10. Fig.03.12 “Bent”

  11. Light and Molecules (3.4) UVB, UVC: Bonds break IR: Can’t break (not enough energy) Can cause vibrations Shape  HOW a molecule can vibrate Which wavelength? Bond strength & flexibility, atom masses

  12. Fig.03.13

  13. Fig.3.14

  14. What about O2 and N2? • Do not absorb IR radiation • IR does not cause vibration • Can’t “trap” heat • Not greenhouse gases

  15. Fig.3.16

  16. The Carbon Cycle Sect. 3.5

  17. Fig. 3.17 Where does CO2 come from? Where does it go?

  18. water CaCO3 (limestone) Volcanic vents Respiration/decay Plants & animals Sources of CO2 (natural) CO2

  19. Respiration water Plants H2CO3 Mineral Dep. Pressure/time Fossil Fuels Consumption of CO2 CO2

  20. Fossil Fuel Contribution to Atmospheric CO2: • 6-7 billion tons of carbon released • ~ ½ goes to atmosphere • Since 1860: • CO2 conc. 290 ppm  375 ppm, • Increases ~1.5 ppm/year.

  21. Deforestation • Adds CO2 to air (burning/decay) • Takes away a CO2 remover (trees/plants)

  22. Excess CO2 global warming • Increase in atmos. CO2 is a concern • 3.1-3.5 Gt of carbon/year • How much CO2 is added per year?

  23. Mass # Quantitative Concepts: Mass (3.6) How much does an atom weigh? Depends on the atom Standard: Carbon-12 Atomic #: 6 6p, 6n One Carbon 12 = 12 amu

  24. Atomic # Atomic Mass C 6 Symbol Carbon Name 12.01

  25. What’s with the 12.01??? Carbon: 3 isotopes Carbon-12: 98.89% Carbon-13: 1.11% Carbon-14: ~0.00% Average atomic mass for C = 12.01 amu Atomic mass is an average of all carbon atoms

  26. NO carbon atoms weigh 12.01 amu • Treat ALL carbon atoms as though they weigh 12.01 • 1 Tbs of carbon has about 6.022 x 1023 carbon atoms • 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 • Dealing with large numbers of atoms • Average is best

More Related