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ORGANIC MOLECULES

Dive into the world of organic molecules with a focus on carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Learn about their elements, building blocks, functions, and sources. Discover the key properties of biomolecules and how they contribute to life processes. Perfect for science enthusiasts and students alike!

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ORGANIC MOLECULES

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  1. ORGANIC MOLECULES

  2. Organic Molecules • Organic: contains carbon, living or once living • Carbon: Important element in living things • All living things contain carbon (C),hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N) • These elements join together in different ways to form macromolecules • Polymers made of subunits called monomers.

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. CARBOHYDRATES • ELEMENTS: C H O • BUILDING BLOCKS (SUBUNITS): monosaccharides (glucose, simple sugars) • FUNCTIONS: 1. preferred energy source - glucose(short term) OR glycogen(long term) 2. storage material – starch in plants glycogen in animals 3. structural material- cellulose - plant cell wall chitin - fungus cell wall, insect exoskeleton • SOURCES: Honey, candy, spaghetti, rice, potato, bread • End in ose

  5. More Carbohydrates • MONOsaccharide:single sugar unit C6H12O6 -glucose • DIsaccharide:double sugar unit C12H22O11 -sucrose • POLYsaccharide: many glucose units (C12H10O5)n -cellulose, glycogen, starch

  6. Lipids

  7. LIPIDS • ELEMENTS: C H O • Amount H huge compared to O • BUILDING BLOCKS (SUBUNITS): fatty acids and glycerol (Shaped like an E) • FUNCTIONS: 1. long term energysource and storage 2. insulation 3. water proofing 4. plasma membrane • SOURCES: butter, fried foods, bacon fat

  8. More About Lipids • Room temperature: fats-solid, oil-liquid • Insoluble (doesn’t mix with water) • Saturated fats: contain saturated fatty acids with single carbon bonds. Not good for you, solid. • Unsaturated fats: contain double carbon bond(s). Good for you, liquid. • Waxes • Phospholipids • Steroids: cholesterol

  9. Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids

  10. Biomolecule Foldable Things to remember: • Be sure to organize your information in a way that you can use it. • Basic structures for both the monomer and the polymer are needed. • Neatness matters Front cover: Name of biomolecule Basic structural drawing (polymer) Within each section include: Name of biomolecule again Name of monomer(s) Chemical components (what elements?) Function within us Examples Additional special properties Back: Your name and class block

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