:jf ,ufrc

1. :jf ,ufrc • vreh tka – grth tka /1 • Mishap - vke, /2 • Idle people - ,ubre hcauh /3 • Idle words – ohkyc ohrcs /4 • Work hard - kng /5 • oubvhd - ,ja rtc /6 • Ways of life – ohhj ,ujrut /7 • Knees - hfrc /8 • - hbhnhv sung /9 Right hand pillar • Hammer - ahyp /10 • - osu rac lkn /11 Human king. • - hbrxut /12 Imprisons me. • Appease him – uxhhpk /13 • Bribe him - usjak /14 • Fear of God - ohna trun /15

2. thbujb wr ka u,kp, • vbanv hrcs • u,thmhcu arsnv ,hck u,xhbfc kkp,n vhv vbev ic thbujb hcr “ “ /vrme vkp, • When entering and leaving the Beit Midrash, R’ Nechunia ben Hakanah would pray a short prayer. • “ ?uz vkp,k ouen vn :uk urnt “ • They said to him: What is the nature of this prayer? • “ hsh kg vke, rcs grth tka kkp,n hbt h,xhbfc “ • When entering I pray that nothing bad should happen because of me. • “ hekj kg vtsuv i,ub hbt h,thmhcu “ • When I leave, I give thanks for my portion. • trndv hrcs • In addition to what was taught in the Mishna, the G’mara adds the following to be said when entering the Beit Midrash. • “ hrcj hc ujnahu vfkv rcsc kaft tku “ /1 • May I not make a mistake in Halacha and cause my friends to be happy. • “ tny ruvy kg tku ruvy tny kg rnut tku “ /2 • May I not say about something which is impure is pure, or about something which is pure that it is impure.

3. “ ovc jnatu vfkv rcsc hrcj ukafh tku “ /3 • May my friends not make a mistake in a Halacha and cause me to be happy. • In addition to what was taught in the Mishna, the G’mara adds the following to be said when exiting the Beit Midrash. • “ ,ubre hcauhn hekj ,na tku arsnv ,hc hcauhn hekj ,naa “ • (I thank God) that I am part of those who sit in the Beit Midrash and not part of those who sit idly. • /vjha rcsc ohexuga .rtv hng ut ohbuubj - ,ubre hcauh : h”ar • Shopkeepers and unlearned men who waste their time with idle talk. (Literally – those who sit on street corners) Couch Potato

4. rzghkt wr vkjaf • ubhcr :uk urnt /ureck uhshnk, uxbfb rzghkt hcr vkjaf :ibcr ub, “ “ /tcv okugv hhjk ivc vfzbu ohhj ,ujrut ubsnk • The Rabbis taught in a Breita: When R’ Eliezer was ill, his students came to visit him. They said to him, our Rebbe teach us the ways of life so that through them we can merit life in the world to come. • R’ Eliezer taught his students 4 things: • ofhrcj sucfc urvzv /1 • Be careful with your friends honor. • iuhdvv in ofhbc ugbn /2 • tfans ouan htsn r,uh trenc oukhdr, tk :iuhdvvn – h”ar • Do not accustom them to spend to much time studying c,fca vru,, because they will be drawn to it and thus neglect studying vp kgca vru,. • ohnfj hshnk, hfrc ihc ouchauv /3 • Put (your children) between the knees of Torah Scolars • ohsnug o,t hn hbpk ugs - ohkkp,n o,tafu /4 • When you pray know before whom you stand

5. htfz ic ibjuh wr vkjaf • o,ut vtra iuhf /ureck uhshnk, uxbfb htfz ic ibjuh hcr vkjafu “ “ /,ufck khj,v • When R’ Yochanan ben Zakai became ill his students came to visit him, when he saw them he began to cry. • v,t vn hbpn ezjv ahyp hbhnhv sung ktrah rb :uhshnk, uk urnt “ “ ?vfuc • They said to him: The candle of Israel, right most pillar, strong hammer, why are you crying? • Just as a candle illuminates the dark, so to the - ktrah rbTzaddik gives light to the Jewish people. • Just as a pillar supports and is the - hbhnhv sung foundation of a building, so to the Tzaddik supports and is the foundation of the Jewish people. • Just as a hammer is used to build a structure - ezjv ahyp so to the Tzaddik builds the Jewish people. • Students’ Question • Since R’ Yochanan was such a great Tzaddik, they could not understand why he was crying. Certainly his place in tcvokug was guaranteed! What then should a man of such great stature fear? ezjv ahyp hbhnhv sung ktrah rb

6. oubhvhd ka ,jtu isg id ka ,jt ohfrs hba hbpk aha tkt sug tku “ “ ?vfct tku - h,ut ohfhkun uzhtc gsuh hbhtu • There are 2 paths before me, one of oubhvhd and one of isg id, and I do not know in which path they will lead me, should I not cry?

7. R’ Yochanan ben Zakkai gave 2 reasons for crying ? • 1. He was overwhelmed by the thought of facing God. • 2. He was unsure if he was being led to oubhvhd or isg id. • The students asked him for a blessing - !ubfrc ubhcr :uk urnt • /osu rac trunf ofhkg ohna trun tv,a iumr hvh :ovk rnt He said to them: May it be God’s will that the fear of heaven should be upon you like the fear of flesh and blood. I.e. May the fear that you have towards God be the same as the fear you have towards human beings. • They said to him: Is that all - ?itf sg :uhshnk, uk urnt • I.e. Shouldn’t we fear God more than we fear man ? • /ost hbtrh tka :rnut vrhcg rcug ostaf ugs, !htuku :ovk rnt • When a person sins (in private) he says: I wish no-one has seen me. • Just as we would not sin if we know that someone is watching us, we must always be aware that God is watching us and restrain ourselves from sinning. • txf ubhfvu vtnuyv hbpn ohkf ubp :ovk rnt u,rhyp ,gac • /tca vsuvh lkn uvhezjk • At the time of his death he said to his students: Remove all utensils because of impurity and prepare a chair for King Chizkiyahu who has come. • All utensils that are under the same roof as a dead body become impure. Seeing that he was about to die, R’ Yochanan asked to remove all utensils from the house. • King Chizkiyahu came to escort R’ Yochanan to heaven, because R’ Yochanan was a descendant of King Chizkiyahu. (R’ Saadiah Gaon)

8. vrzj ,ukta • ? “uz vkhp,k ouen vn” ohshnk,v ,kta ,t urhcxv /1 • ? ,ubre hcauh ohmr itk /2 • ? arsnv ,hc hcauh ohmr itk /3 • ? vfc ibjuh wr vnk ,uchx h,a ub, /4 • ? uhshnk, ,t ibjuh wr lrc lht /5 • ? ,hcvn ohkfv ,t ,ubpk ibjuh wr vum gusn /6 • : vkcyv ,t unhkav /7