Food consumption patterns and nutritional status of adults in peri-urban Uganda: The case of Nangabo sub-county,

1. Food consumption patterns and nutritional status of adults in peri-urban Uganda: The case of Nangabo sub-county, Wakiso district Authors; Nathan Isabirye*, S. Kiwanuka, J. Mutyoba Makerere University, College of Health Science

2. Presentation outline • Introduction and background • Study aims and objectives • Location of study site • Methodology • Data analysis • Study findings • Study limitations • Conclusion • Recommendations • Acknowledgement

3. Introduction and background • Globally, NCDs contributes 61% of all deaths; 80% in LICs • Unhealthy diet a major determinant of NCDs (WHO, 2002) • Mainly due to dietary transitions and globalization • Recent survey in Uganda (UNDS,2011) indicated 19.2% prevalence of obesity and overweight among HHs • Limited information available on dietary practices of the population • Enriching available information, guide nutrition interventions

4. Study aims and objectives General objective • To establish adults’ nutritional status, dietary intake and patterns among adults in Nangabo S/C, Wakiso district. Specific objectives This study assessed; • Nutritional status of adults in Nangabo S/C, Wakiso district • Average Daily Macronutrient Food intake (ADMFI) • Consumption patterns among adults in Nangabo S/C, Wakiso district

5. Location of study site Wakiso district as Peri-urban, borders Kampala city

6. Methodology • Study design: Cross sectional study • Sample size: 316 respondents • Sampling technique: • Respondents from an existing cohort by Mak-SPH • 300 respondents were enrolled in the study • Tools used: • Food Frequency Questionnaire • Standardized tools for physical measurements • Weighing Scale & Measuring tapes

7. Data analysis • Software utilized; EPI-data ver 3.1 and STATA version 10 • Food intake frequencies categorized to obtain patterns • ADMFI =∑nutrients in specified serving × frequency of intake/30 • Nutrient intakes compared using RDAs (King et al, 1993) • Logistic regression analysis utilized to assess associations

8. Study findings

9. Table 2: Nutritional status in comparison with demographic factors

10. Table 3: Respondents ADMFI over a one month period dietary recall

11. Table 4: Food consumption patterns of respondents over a month period

12. Study limitation • Recall for 1 month difficult • Minimized by listing all foods • Results represent peri-urban, not generalizable

13. Conclusion • Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.0% and 14.0% respectively • More prevalent in women (32.9%, 23.4%) and in older age group • Females had a higher extra intake than males for all macro-nutrients (0.6vs0.3, 0.8vs0.7, 0.6vs0.4) • Staples and legumes were foods consumed daily. • Considerable consumption of fats and oils were observed. • Seasonally consumed foods were fruits and vegetables.

14. Recommendations • Create awareness of the increasing rate of obesity • Need to better understand obesity and related illness • Initiate interventions based on our local settings • Need for promotion of health habits and dietary practices • Promote physical activity especially among females • Government should engage in food security support • Food preservation • Backyard gardening – targeting peri-urban settings

15. Acknowledgement MaK-SPH NCD-Working group • David Guwatudde • Suzanne Kiwanuka • Joan Mutyoba (FETP) Field Epidemiology Training program

16. Thank you!