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Classical civilization : INDIA

Chapter 3. H.F M.S . Classical civilization : INDIA. Himalayas – “subcontinent” separation from east Asia Monsoons- make or break. Either good for harvest or flooding /drought . Indus river valleys . 3000 to 2500 B.C.E. Harappa & Mohenjo D aro Indoor plumbing

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Classical civilization : INDIA

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  1. Chapter 3 H.F M.S Classical civilization : INDIA

  2. Himalayas – “subcontinent” separation from east Asia • Monsoons- make or break. Either good for harvest or flooding /drought

  3. Indus river valleys • 3000 to 2500 B.C.E. • Harappa & Mohenjo Daro • Indoor plumbing • The start of well developed cities

  4. Vedic & Epic ages- Aryans invaded in 1700-1200 B.C.E • Aryan Social classes- warriors, priests, farmers & common laborers • Vedic tradition • Sanskrit: literary epics • Vedas: sacred books • Mahabharata: greatest epic poem • Ramayana: epic dealing with battles Aryans

  5. 322 B.C.E. by Chandragupta Maurya, a warrior who fought off Alexander’s armies and conquered the kingdoms left by him. • Ashoka- Chandragupta son! Even greater ruler! • Dharma- the law of moral consequences. Mauryan empire

  6. 320-550 C.E • India's golden age • No individual rulers • Made decimal system & concept of 0 • Buddhism was expanded Gupta empire

  7. Trade was key to India • Firmly agricultural • New uses for chemistry & their steel was best in world • Economic units • Male dominance over women • Caste system Economy & society

  8. Assigned people to occupations • Regulated marriages • Low-caste had few rights • Promoted public order • Provided rules people revolved around • Unfair rules • Social classes caste system

  9. NO central figure • 1st texts are the Upanishads from Vedas • Upanishads are basic Hindu beliefs • World soul • Universal spirit • Dharma (ethics, sense of duty) • Karma(actions) • Moksha (salvation) • Reincarnation Hinduism Shiva

  10. Prince Siddhartha Gautama, warrior of the Kshatriya class • Unhappy with Hinduism • Nirvana • Buddha discovered 3 things • There is no individual self, no soul (unlike Hinduism) • Pain is a part of life • Impermanence, nothing stays the same, you do not reincarnate Buddhism

  11. 4 noble truths • Life is pain and suffering • The cause of pain and suffering is desire • Avoiding desire means avoiding pain • The way to end suffering is the 8 Fold Path • The eight fold path • Accept the 4 Noble Truths • Right intention (commitment to mental growth) • Right speech (no lying, be honest, say nothing wrong) • Right action (do no harm) • Right livelihood (your work helps others) • Right effort (constant self improvement) • Right mindfulness (clear conscience) • Right concentration (focus) More on Buddhism

  12. Compare & contrast Hinduism Buddhaism No single founder Caste system Religon base on Sacred text dharma Reject caste system Nirvana 4 noble truths Meditation Founded by Guatama Karma reincar-nation

  13. THE END

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