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The Renaissance Period. The Renaissance was a time where…. Classical Greco-Roman ideas were revived These ideas were preserved through the middle ages by the Byzantine Empire. Wealthy Patrons supported the arts and education Humanism spread throughout Western Europe. Humanism.
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The Renaissance was a time where… • Classical Greco-Roman ideas were revived • These ideas were preserved through the middle ages by the Byzantine Empire.
Wealthy Patrons supported the arts and education • Humanism spread throughout Western Europe.
Humanism An age of reborn interest in the arts, education, and the classical culture of ancient Greece and Rome.
The Beginning • The Renaissance began in Italian cities because of their access to trade routes. • Trade brought wealth to Italy
Important Advancements • Printing Press • Helped develop… • 1. Increase in literacy rates • 2. Secular (World) ideas spread • 3. Books are circulated to public • Ex. Shakespeare’s sonnets
The Church Many of the new ideas and enlightened thinkers during the Renaissance period challenged the authority of the Church.
Protestant Reformation • Martin Luther – A German Monk • Challenges the practices of the Roman Catholic Church • Wrote the 95 Theses to criticize indulgences. • Believed the Bible should be the authority of the church. • Believed people are right with God through faith – not works.
Protestant Ideas Spread • Martin Luther rejects the pope’s authority • As a result, Protestant sects spread throughout Europe • King Henry VIII of England breaks away from the Catholic Church
Response- • The Roman Catholic Church threatened Luther to take back his ideas and criticism of the Church. • The Church also challenged several other enlightened thinkers.
Scientific Revolution Galileo Galilei was threatened to be killed by the Church if he did not take back his discoveries. Age old beliefs, like the earth being the center of the universe, were proven wrong through inventions like the telescope.
A Political Change in England • The Magna Carta was signed by King John • This document limited the powers of the King (Monarch) • The Magna Carta would later be used to guarantee rights to all people.
English Parliament • The Parliament was made up government officials who represented the people. • The Parliament would later help balance the power of the King
Petition of Right in 1628 • King had to follow same laws as citizens • Can only be taxed with representation • Can only be put in prison with a lawful reason
English Bill of Rights • Stated the king would share power with Parliament • Stated the rights granted to all citizens
Enlightenment 1600-1700s • Time of intellectual debate and growth • Increased study of individual rights (all should have individual rights) • These Ideas inspired the American & French Revolution
Revolution • A quick turn around or change in a government system or organization. • American & French Revolutions inspired others to seek independence
John Locke • Wrote Two Treatises of government • Believed governments should protect the natural rights of life, liberty, & Property • Government based on consent of people
Montesquieu • Wrote the Spirit of the Laws • Believed government should have a separation of powers • Government should have checks and balances
Rousseau • Wrote The Social Contract • Believed the government shouldn’t violate individuals’ rights by law.
