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Chapter 14 Lesson 3

Understand mechanical advantage - the force multiplier, and efficiency in machines with practical examples and formulas. Learn how to calculate MA and efficiency of various machines. Enhance your knowledge of work input and output with real-life scenarios. Master the concepts of MA and efficiency to improve your understanding of machine operations and performance.

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Chapter 14 Lesson 3

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  1. Chapter 14Lesson 3 “Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency”

  2. I. Mechanical Advantage A. Def – the # of times a machine multiplies the input force. (MA) B. Pg. 421 – nut cracker C. MA of Force = Output force Input force D. Ideal – MA w/o friction E. MA of Distance = Input Distance Output Distance

  3. F. Ex. A carpenter uses a claw hammer to pull a nail from a board. The nail has a resistance of 2500 N. The carpenter applies an input force of 125 N. What is the mechanical advantage of the hammer? MA = Output force Input force so… 2500 N 125 N = 20 MA

  4. G. Ex. A worker applies an input force of 20 N to pry open a window that has a output force of 500 N. What is the mechanical advantage of the crowbar? 500 / 20 = 25

  5. H. Find the input force needed to lift a 2000 N rock, using a jack with a mechanical advantage of 10. Fi = Fo / MA =2000 / 10 =200 N

  6. II. Efficiency B. Def – How much work put into the machine is changed to useful work put out by the machine. 1. Formula Efficiency = Woutput Winput X 100

  7. 2. Why doesn’t Wout = Win? -friction -dirt -age -bad parts -improper use

  8. 3. Ex: A sofa weighing 1000 N must be placed in a truck bed 1.2 m off of the ground. A worker uses a force of 500 N to push the sofa up the inclined plane that has a slope of 3.5 m. What is the efficiency of the inclined plane? Fo = Fi = Do = Di = 1000 N 500 N 1.2 m 3.5 m

  9. 1000 N x 1.2 m 500 N x 3.5 m = 68.6 % efficient

  10. A record setting buck weighing 1205 N is pulled up a ramp to the back of a pick-up with a force of 600 N by a hunter. If the back end of the pick up is 1.2 meters high and the length of the ramp is 3.2 meters, what is the efficiency of the ramp? 75.3%

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