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The Diverse Roles of Specialized Cells in Organisms

Explore the unique functions of specialized cells in many-celled organisms, from fat cells storing fat to nerve cells transmitting messages. Learn how cells in humans and plants are organized into tissues and organ systems to maintain life.

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The Diverse Roles of Specialized Cells in Organisms

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  1. Section 2 The different Jobs of Cells The cells in many-celled organisms are specialized in shape and size for their function. Human specialized cells include fat cells, bone cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells. Fat cells can store so much fat that the nucleus is pressed against the cell membrane. A hard calcium and phosphorus material surrounds bone cells.

  2. Nerve cells have many long branches to send and receive messages. • Muscle cells have fibers that can contract and relax.

  3. Plant cells in leaves, stems, and roots are specialized to move food and water or to support the plant.

  4. Cells are organized so they can work together to keep the organism alive. • Tissues are groups of similar cells that do the same kind of work; two or more tissues that work together form an organ. • Groups of organs that work together to perform a job are called organ systems.

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