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Access to Nursing: Health Promotion and Ethics

Access to Nursing: Health Promotion and Ethics. Ethics in Health Promotion. Lesson Objectives Learners will be able to:. ALL LEARNERS WILL: Discuss the debates surrounding three different moral dilemmas in healthcare. Summarise their understanding of key terminology in relation to ethics.

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Access to Nursing: Health Promotion and Ethics

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  1. Access to Nursing:Health Promotion and Ethics Ethics in Health Promotion

  2. Lesson ObjectivesLearners will be able to: ALL LEARNERS WILL: • Discuss the debates surrounding three different moral dilemmas in healthcare. • Summarise their understanding of key terminology in relation to ethics. • Explain two different philosophical theories in relation to morals and ethics. • Create a slogan to describe an ethical principle in relation to health promotion. • Apply the ethical theories and principles to health promotion topics for their assignment task. SOME LEARNERS WILL: • Analyse further examples of moral dilemmas in healthcare. • Analyse two different philosophical theories in relation to morals and ethics.

  3. Assessment Criteria • Level 2: - Describe ethical issues that arise when working with different client groups. • Level 3: - Analyse ethical issues that arise when working with different client groups.

  4. Ethics and Health Promotion “Health promotion involves decisions and choices that affect other people which require judgements to be made about whether particular courses of action are right or wrong. There are no definite ways to behave. Health promotion is, according to Seedhouse (1988) ‘a moral endeavour’”. (Naidoo and Wills, 2000, page 113)

  5. Moral Dilemmas • Girl born before 24-week legal abortion limit- (Telegraph (online) 2008) • Terminally ill baby would 'choke to death' if hospital wins right-to-die battle, claim parents - (Daily Mail (online) 2011) • Alcohol abusers should not get transplants, says Best surgeon - (Guardian (online) 2005)

  6. Ethical Dilemmas What further moral dilemmas do health professionals have to resolve or deal with?

  7. Review from the previous module:Values/Morals/Ethics and Duty • What are values? • What are morals? • What are ethics? Therefore - What is duty?

  8. Ethical Theories • Deontological Theories • Consequential Theories

  9. Deontological Theories • Duty to act in accordance with certain universal moral rules. • Universal morals that it is our duty to follow. • Based on ideas of Immanuel Kant: • Act as if your action in circumstances is to become law for everyone – if everyone behaved in this way would the overall effect be good? If so then we can apply this to similar situations. • ‘Do unto others as you would they do unto you’ • Always treat human beings as ‘ends’ in themselves and not as ‘means’. • Therefore respecting all people. • With regard to decision making, if we follow these rules then we are doing the right things right.

  10. Consequentialism and Utilitarianism • Concerned with ends and not only means • A person should always act in a way that produces more good and benefits than disadvantages. • John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham • Greatest happiness principle • Greatest happiness for the greatest number of people - e.g. allowing a bus to pull out • Weighing up the consequences • Alternative courses of action that might have greatest beneficial consequences

  11. Doing the right things right no matter what the consequences are? Do people always work towards these care standards and respect for all individuals? Can public and professional duty be debated? Should interests of the majority always take precedence over those of the individual? Greatest good - implies some may experience injustice or harm. How do you predict an outcome will be favourable? Deontology Utilitarianism

  12. Are health promoters bound by ethics? How could the use of these ethical approaches affect the role of a health promotion specialist? Which health promotion topics could create ethical dilemmas?

  13. Justice Autonomy Beneficence Non-maleficence Ethical Principles

  14. In relation to your assignment task • Task 2: You will need to produce a 1000 word written report. • Firstly, you should decide on a current topic within health promotion for example: • Sexual Health Promotion • Healthy Eating • Promoting Positive Body Confidence • You must include a 300 word introduction to this health promotion topic. Then, in relation to your topic area, you will go on to: • Analyse ethical issues that arise when working with different client groups. • Evaluate the implications of health promotion for society.

  15. Assessment Criteria • Level 2 Describe the implications of health promotion for society • Level 3 Evaluate the implications of health promotion for society.

  16. Implications of Health Promotion for Society Health Promotion

  17. Lesson ObjectivesLearners are able to: ALL LEARNERS WILL: • Discuss the debates surrounding three different moral dilemmas in healthcare. • Summarise their understanding of key terminology in relation to ethics. • Explain two different philosophical theories in relation to morals and ethics. • Create a slogan to describe an ethical principle in relation to health promotion. • Apply the ethical theories and principles to health promotion topics for their assignment task. SOME LEARNERS WILL: • Analyse further examples of moral dilemmas in healthcare. • Analyse two different philosophical theories in relation to morals and ethics.

  18. References • BACP, 2010. Ethical Principles of Counselling and Psychotherapyhttp://www.bacp.co.uk/ethical_framework/ethics.php Accessed: 16.03.11 • Bates, 2011. Terminally ill baby would 'choke to death' if hospital wins right-to-die battle, claim parentshttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1362000/Terminally-ill-baby-choke-death-hospital-wins-right-die-battle.html#ixzz1GqusSUY3 Accessed: 16.03.11 • Bloxham, 2008. Girl born before 24-week legal abortion limit http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1949500/Girl-born-before-24-week-legal-abortion-limit.html Accessed: 16.03.11 • Naidoo, J., Wills, J., 2000. Health Promotion: Foundations for Practice 2nd ED London: Harcourt Publishers Ltd • Sample, 2005. Alcohol abusers should not get transplants, says Best surgeonhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2005/oct/05/drugsandalcohol.medicineandhealth Accessed: 16.03.11

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