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Sedentary Lifestyle Are We So Lazy That It’s Killing Us?

Sedentary Lifestyle Are We So Lazy That It’s Killing Us?. Outline. Recommended activity levels What is “sedentary?” Some statistics & facts Overview of Health Consequences Benefits & risks The Evidence Sedentary Lifestyle is an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease & Mortality

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Sedentary Lifestyle Are We So Lazy That It’s Killing Us?

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  1. Sedentary LifestyleAre We So Lazy That It’s Killing Us?

  2. Outline • Recommended activity levels • What is “sedentary?” • Some statistics & facts • Overview of Health Consequences • Benefits & risks • The Evidence • Sedentary Lifestyle is an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease & Mortality • What Can Be Done?

  3. Center for Disease Control and American College of Sports Medicine Recommend: • > 30 min/day of moderate intensity exercise 5 days per week • Or, vigorous intensity for minimum of 20 min/day on 3 days per week

  4. Look Familiar? Sedentary lifestyle or physical inactivity is a lack of meeting these recommended levels

  5. 2005 Prevalence of Recommended Physical Activity

  6. It’s Crazy to be Lazy… “Physical inactivity contributes substantially to the global burden of disease, death and disability.” • WHO: ~ 2 million deaths per year

  7. Positive Health Effects • Cardiovascular disease • Overweight & obesity • Diabetes • Cancer • Musculoskeletal health • Psychological well-being

  8. Reduction of CVD Risk • Greatest benefit of physical activity • Inactive people have 2x risk vs active • Prevents stroke • Improves CVD associated risk factors

  9. Sedentary Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Fitness • Most reliable index of physical activity • Define “Cardiorespiratory Fitness” • Decrease in Cardiorespiratory Fitness • Powerful Predictor • Cardiovascular Disease • Mortality • Type II Diabetes Mellitus

  10. Overweight & Obesity“Ex-Ur-Size!” • Dramatic increase in prevalence over last 20 years (Remember last week?) • Energy intake>>>total energy expenditure • Physical activity  weight loss • Decreases risks of obesity • Health benefits independent ofweight loss!!

  11. Diabetes • Increasing prevalence in U.S. • Usual onset after age 40 • Emerging in children… • Evidence: 30% lower risk in active • Moderate and vigorous activity levels

  12. Cancer • Physical activity  • Colon cancer risk • Breast cancer • Prostate cancer?

  13. Musculoskeletal Health • Regular physical activity • Reduces age decline • Strength and flexibility • Reduces risk of falls & hip fractures • Weight-bearing activities • Prevents osteoporosis

  14. Psychological Well-Being • Physical activity • Reduces symptoms of depression, and possibly stress, & anxiety • Positive self image and self-esteem • Increases social interaction • Builds social skills among children • Improves quality of life

  15. THE EVIDENCE FOR EXERCISE…

  16. The European Youth Heart Study • Cross-sectional • 1732 randomly chosen 9 and 15 year olds • Physical activity on cardiovascular risk factors in children • 4 levels of physical activity • Results: • OR of 3.29 • Independent of weight status!!!

  17. The Health and Retirement Study • Pre-retirement aged U.S. adults • Relationship between physical activity and mortality across socioeconomic and CVD risk groups • Results: • OR = 0.62 • Adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking, obesity, cancer, health status, income, and CVD risk

  18. Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study • 1069 Finnish men • Increased risk of “Metabolic Syndrome” • Strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality • Study conclusion: • Sedentary lifestyle is actually a “feature” of MS

  19. Summary • Physical activity: • Many benefits… • Decreases cardiovascular risk factors • Independent of weight loss • Physical activity is an independent predictor of mortality… • Leanness ≠ invincible

  20. Focus for Change • Individual attitudes • Belief in abilities • Micro environment • Conduciveness of activity at work & home • Macro environment • Socioeconomic culture & environment

  21. How to Avoid Death (Or At Least Postpone It) • Daily walks • Take the stairs • Gardening • Cycling, swimming, sports • You get the idea…

  22. REFERENCES • Kahlmeier et al. Physical actvity and health in Europe: evidence for action, World Health Oranization, 2006 • Lakka, et al. Sedentary Lifestyle, Poor Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and the Metabolic Syndrome, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, March 2003 • Richardson, et al. Physical Activity and Mortality across Cardiovascular Disease Risk Groups • WHO website • CDC website

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