Content Vocabulary

1. Content Vocabulary • osteoporosis • anemia • electrolytes • salt • hypertension • urine

2. All minerals, even those present in tiny amounts, are essential for proper body functioning.

3. Calcium • Calcium is needed to form and maintain strong bones

4. Calcium is found in milk and milk products. Calcium forms and maintains strong bones. A deficiency of calcium threatens the strength of bones and can lead to osteoporosis. Calcium osteoporosis A disease of gradual bone loss

5. Iron • Iron carries oxygen in the red blood cells. Meats, fish, poultry, and beans are rich sources of iron.

6. Iron is present in every living cell. In the red blood cells, iron carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues. Iron

7. Too Little Iron Iron • Too little iron causes anemia • Children, teens, and females in their reproductive years are prone to iron deficiencies. anemia Reduced number or size of the red blood cells

8. Early Symptoms Iron • People with iron deficiencies do not have the energy to keep up with the demands of everyday life. • Teens who lack iron perform poorly on tests of concentration and memory.

9. Iron-Rich Foods Iron • Foods that are rich in iron are low in calcium. Plan a balance diet to provide enough of both. • Foods rich in iron include meats, fish, poultry, and beans.

10. Electrolytes • Electrolytes help maintain the proper balance of fluids in the body.

11. The minerals sodium, chloride, and potassium are electrolytes. Electrolytes help maintain the proper balance of fluids in the body. Electrolytes electrolytes Minerals that dissolve in body fluids and carry electrical charges

12. Because salt is so widespread in foods, people easily meet their need for sodium. For this same reason, most people need to consciously watch their sodium intake to avoid hypertension. Electrolytes hypertension salt A compound made of minerals that, in water, dissolve and form electrolytes High blood pressure

13. Water • Water carries materials in the body and provides the needed environment in which human tissue must live.

14. The body is made of 60 percent water. Water carries oxygen, nutrients, and wastes from place to place in the body. Your body loses water in sweat, exhaled breath and urine. Water urine Fluid wastes removed from the body by the kidneys

15. You must replace lost fluids. Drinking juice can fill in for fruit intake, but may contain extra calories, so be careful with beverage choices. Water

16. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary • __________ is a disease of gradual bone loss. osteoporosis A disease of gradual bone loss

17. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary • __________ is a condition in which a reduction in the number and size of red blood cells is seen. anemia Reduced number or size of the red blood cells