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How Can You Prevent A Stroke

How Can You Prevent A Stroke. What is a Stroke. An injury to a part of the brain. It happens when something goes wrong with the flow of blood to the brain When an artery to the brain becomes blocked or ruptures…this cuts off a part of the blood supply to a part of the brain.

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How Can You Prevent A Stroke

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  1. How Can You Prevent A Stroke

  2. What is a Stroke • An injury to a part of the brain. • It happens when something goes wrong with the flow of blood to the brain • When an artery to the brain becomes blocked or ruptures…this cuts off a part of the blood supply to a part of the brain. • If the blood flow is cut off for more than a few hours, that part of the brain may be permanently damaged. Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  3. Those caused by clots Those caused by bleeding There are two main types of stroke: Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  4. Signs of a Stroke the '3' steps, S…T…R… S Ask the individual to SMILE. Uneven smile !!! Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  5. T: Ask the person to TALK and SPEAK A SIMPLE SENTENCE,(i.e. It is sunny out today.) Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  6. Ask him or her to RAISE BOTH ARMS One arm weaker than the other Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  7. Strokes caused by blood clots(Ischemic Stroke) Account for 70 -80% of all strokes Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  8. Ischemic Strokes Blood Clots • As we get older, a waxy plaque can build up along the inside of the arteries that feed the brain. • Smoking,diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol can cause this buildup. • Sometimes, a blood clot can plug an artery narrowed with plaque. This can cut off the flow of blood. Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  9. Strokes caused by bleeding Bleeding or Hemorrhagic strokes account for 20% of all strokes Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  10. Who is at Risk for a Stroke?7 Risk Factors (1) Atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries) Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  11. (2)Uncontrolled hypertension (high blood pressure) Affects Brain Heart Kidneys Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  12. (4) Untreated Irregular Heart Beats (3) Advanced Age Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  13. (6) Diabetes (5) Smoking (7) Oral Contraceptives Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  14. The key is prevention.. • If you ……STOP • Reduce your intake of • Know your Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  15. How is a stroke diagnosed? There are a variety of methods • A doctor can usually diagnose a stroke fairly rapidly based on the patient or family’s recounting of events • Following an examination of the patient. • Here are some tests that can help with the diagnosis Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  16. Diagnostic Tests MRI CT Scan Ultrasound Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  17. Treatment of Stroke The number of strokes has greatly decreased in the past 50 years thanks to widespread effective treatment of blood pressure… the biggest risk factor for strokes. Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  18. Treatment of Stroke • Aspirin: helps prevent recurrent attacks by reducing the chances of clot formation. • Strokes are usually treated with more powerful anticoagulants. • There are three main emergency treatments for stroke: tPA, surgery and non-surgical procedures Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  19. tPA • tPA is a drug that can stop a stroke caused by a blood clot by breaking up the clot. • tPA is short for tissue plasminogen activator and can only be given to patients who are having a stroke caused by a blood clot (ischemic stroke). tPA must be given within 3-4 hours of the onset of symptoms Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  20. Surgical Treatment • May be required to repair damage after a stroke • To prevent a stroke from occurring. • Surgery may be performed to remove blood that has pooled in the brain after a hemorrhagic stroke • Repair broken blood vessels, • To remove plaque from inside the carotid artery. Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  21. Non-Surgical TreatmentCatheter Based • Some people may benefit from treatments that are performed through a thin, flexible tube called a catheter into the blood vessels or the brain. • Many of these procedures are new and experimental and not all hospitals may be able to do them. • Catheter-based procedures are being developed to remove plaque buildup from arteries • Also to treat aneurysms (weak spots in the wall of a blood vessel Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  22. Rehabilitation • The sooner the better ! • Consists of medical & nursing care • Physical & occupational therapy • Use of adaptive aids • Begins in the hospital and continue at an outpatient clinic or at home. One ofthe most import factors in successful recovery is the person’s own motivation! Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  23. Remember..the key is prevention Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

  24. Thank you ! Reference Source: Heart & Stroke Foundation

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