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Introductory Topics

This presentation explores the fascinating relationship between speech speed and data transmission delays. It examines how fast sounds travel (approximately 1000 ft/s) and compares it to the speech rate of exceptional speakers like Steve Woodmore, who may reach up to 640 words per minute. The discussion extends to the propagation and transmission delays in data communication, emphasizing the impact of bandwidth and latency. We calculate time taken for sounds to travel long distances and the complexities of end-to-end delays in networking.

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Introductory Topics

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  1. Introductory Topics EE122 TAs past and present

  2. Comprehension • How fast is my speech? • ~1000 ft/s (speed of sound) • ~125 words/minute • What about Steve Woodmore? • ~1000 ft/s (speed of sound) • ~640 words/minute (maybe) • How long would it take: • to hear me or Steve, if we shout “Help” (very loudly) from Stanford? (~40 miles [~200,000 feet] away) • me or Steve to dictate War and Peace? (~600,000 words) • propagation delay transmission delay N.B. If-I-am-actually-speaking-far-too-fast o r w a y t o o s l o w l y, let me know!

  3. Transmission Delay

  4. Transmission Delay • Measured from • when the first bit of data is pushed onto the link to • when the last bit of data is pushed onto the link • Limited by the Bandwidth of the link Time taken to push data onto link

  5. Propagation Delay

  6. Propagation Delay • Limited by the speed of light • Latency of a link is the propagation delay to traverse the link Time taken by data to traverse a link

  7. Transmission and Propagation Delay A B Propagation delay B A Transmission delay Packet

  8. Queuing Delay

  9. Queuing Delay • Only when arrival rate > service rate • Especially when packet arrivals are bursty Time a packet spends in a buffer/queue of a switch / router

  10. Bursty

  11. Not Bursty

  12. Queuing Delay A B C Transmission delay doubles Queuing delay Brown packet waits for half the trans. delay of blue packet

  13. No Queuing Delay A B C Transmission delay doubles Brown packet does not have to wait

  14. End-to-End Delay Propagation delay Transmission delay Queuing delay Processing delay Sum of all delays End-to-End Delay +

  15. Round Trip Time (RTT) Time for packet to reach a destination AND a response to return B A Packet Response

  16. Worksheet B A Propagation delay Physical distance / Speed of light Transmission delay Size of transfer / Bandwidth of link A B

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