Study Guide Answers

1. Study Guide Answers Chapter 6- American Revolution

2. Patriot • Colonist who supports the fight for independence.

3. Loyalist • Colonists who continue to support the British. • They felt taxation and representation were not enough reasons to stand up to the mother country.

4. Neutral • Colonists who did not choose sides. They neither supported the British nor the Patriots.

5. Mercenaries • Groups of soldiers hired to fight for pay.

6. Guerilla War • A hit-and-run war technique used primarily in the South by militia groups. • Francis Marion was a famous guerilla leader.

7. Privateers • Armed merchant ships

8. Tory • Name given to loyalists, those who supported the British.

9. Inflation • Printing of money with little gold and silver to back it up. • The money becomes worthless.

10. French nobleman who became Washington’s trusted aide • Marquis de Lafayette

11. Mercenaries hired by the British to fight the Continental Army • Hessians

12. Leader of the British forces who surrendered at Yorktown • Charles Cornwallis

13. Drilled Patriots are Valley Forge • Friedrich von Steuben

14. Guerilla Leader • Francis Marion

15. A plan of action • Strategy

16. Governor of the Spanish territory of Louisiana and American ally • Bernado de Galvez

17. 1. Long Island • Battle of: Long Island • Date : August of 1776 • Place:New York • Who: 20,000 British and 10,000 American Continental Army soldiers • Winner: The British drove the Americans from Brooklyn and forced them to evacuate New York.

18. 2. Trenton • Battle: Trenton • Date: 25th December 1776 • Place: Trenton, New Jersey on the Delaware River • Who: 2,400 Americans against 1,200 Hessians and British troops • Winner: The battle was a resounding physical and moral victory for Washington and his American troops.

19. 3. Philadelphia (Brandywine) • Battle: Philadelphia Brandywine Creek • Date: 11th September 1777 • Place: Pennsylvania, west of Philadelphia • Who: 6,000 British and Hessian troops against 8,000 American soldiers. • Winner: The British and Hessians were left occupying the field having driven the Americans from their position on Brandywine Creek.

20. 4. Saratoga • Battle: SARATOGA • Date: 17th October 1777 • Place: Saratoga on the Hudson River in New York State. • Who: 5,000 British and German troops against the 12,000 Americans. • Winner: The Americans forced the surrender of British forces.

21. 5. Yorktown • Battle: YORKTOWN • Date: October 1781 • Place: Virginia, United States of America • Who: About 16,000 Americans and French against 8,000 British • Winner: Surrounded by American forces, Cornwallis surrenders to George Washington.

22. 1. America declared independence from on July , • Great Britain • 4th, 1776

23. 2. _______________________ were German mercenaries that fought for the British. • Hessians

24. 3. The Hessians’ main goal for winning the war was . • Money

25. 4. During the winter of 1777, many of Washington’s soldiers _________________, or left the army at Valley Forge. • deserted

26. 5. __________________________________­­___ led the soldiers that captured the British town of Vincennes in 1779. • George Rogers Clark

27. 6. The battle of was a turning point in the war. It showed other nations we might win the war. • Saratoga

28. 7.And help America by supplying troops and supplies. • France • Spain

29. 8.John Adams convinced banking houses to lend us $12 million to support the war. • Dutch (the Netherlands)

30. 9. The Treaty of Paris was ___________________, or approved, in 1783. • ratified

31. Treaty of Paris: British terms • In the Treaty of Paris, the British promised to withdraw all troops from America. • They also allowed Americans to fish off the coast of Canada.

32. Treaty of Paris: American terms • In the Treaty of Paris, the Americans allowed British merchants to collect their debts owed by Americans. • They also gave Loyalists the properties back they had lost during the war.