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Nursing Care of Clients with Upper Respiratory Disorders

Nursing Care of Clients with Upper Respiratory Disorders. Chapter 22. Influenza. Viral, highly contagious, airborne droplet and direct contact Clinical Manifestations Respiratory cough, substernal chest pain, sore throat Systemic fever, chills, malaise, muscle aches, fatigue. Influenza.

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Nursing Care of Clients with Upper Respiratory Disorders

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  1. Nursing Care of Clients with Upper Respiratory Disorders Chapter 22

  2. Influenza • Viral, highly contagious, airborne droplet and direct contact • Clinical Manifestations • Respiratory • cough, substernal chest pain, sore throat • Systemic • fever, chills, malaise, muscle aches, fatigue

  3. Influenza • Collaborative Care • immunization of at-risk persons • Diagnosis • based on client history • Pharmacology • vaccine, aspirin, tylenol

  4. Tonsillitis • Acute inflammation of tonsils • usually bacterial infection • spread by droplet • Clinical Manifestations • pain, difficulty swallowing • fever • enlarged and tender lymph nodes • tonsils appear bright red and edematous

  5. Tonsillitis

  6. Tonsillitis • Interdisciplinary Care • usually self-limiting • Antipyrectic and mild analgesics • Penicillin for group A streptococci • Tonsillectomy for recurrent infections

  7. The Client with Epistaxis • Precipating factors • trauma • dryness • systemic infection • hypertension • bleeding disorders - thrombocytopenia

  8. Epistaxis

  9. Nasal Trumpets - Epistaxis

  10. The Client with Epistaxis • Interdisciplinary Care • first aid measures - apply pressure • Nasal packing • 1/4 inch petroleum gauze • leave in for up to 3 days • Surgical cautery

  11. Treatment of Epistaxis

  12. Nasal trauma - dog bite

  13. Nasal Trauma • Nasal fracture/deviated septum • epistaxis • deformity • displacement to one side • crepitus • periorbital edema • Treatment • reduction, plaster • rhinoplasty

  14. Laryngeal Obstruction • Life-threatening emergency- Food or laryngospasm. • Clinical Manifestations • coughing, choking, gagging, difficulty breathing • Treatment • Heimlich maneuver • Medications such • As epinepherine, ET.

  15. Laryngeal Obstruction - Polyp

  16. Vocal Cord Polyp

  17. Sleep Apnea • Absence of airflow through upper airways for 10 or more seconds • 30 episodes per night • Contributing factors • obesity • age • male gender

  18. Sleep Apnea • Clinical Manifestations • loud cyclic snoring • cessation of breathing during sleep • restlessness, thrashing during sleep • daytime fatigue • headache, personality changes, depression

  19. Sleep Apnea • Interdisciplinary Care • weight loss • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) • tight fitting mask • air compressor blows air into the back of the throat • Surgery • tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

  20. Upper Respiratory Tumors and Cancers • Laryngeal Carcinoma • accounts for 1-3% of all cancer • curable if early detection • Risk Factors • ETOH, smoking, poor nutrition • Affects men more than women 9:1

  21. The Larynx

  22. Laryngeal Carcinoma • Clinical Manifestations • hoarseness • change in voice • painful swallowing, earache • dyspnea • palpable lump in neck • foul breath

  23. Laryngeal Carcinoma • Interdisciplinary Care • laryngoscopy • direct visualization • biopsy • Chemotherapy, radiation, surgery • Laryngectomy • removal of the larynx • Radical neck dissection - nodes, neck and mandible removal

  24. Laryngeal Carcinoma • Nursing Care • Impaired Verbal Communication • Ineffective Airway Clearance • Impaired Swallowing • Pain • Altered Nutrition:Less than Body Requirements • Anxiety

  25. Laryngeal Carcinoma • Nursing Care • Altered Body Image • Teaching • Trach Care

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