Allison R. Webel, PhD, RN IAS, 2011 Abstract MOAC0105 August 18, 2011

1. A Description of Social Capital in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS Allison R. Webel, PhD, RN IAS, 2011 Abstract MOAC0105 August 18, 2011

2. Disclosure/Conflicts of Interest • None to declare • The contents of this presentation are solely the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. .

3. Background • “Aggregate or potential resources which are linked to possession of a durable network of more or less institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance or recognition”1-2 • Aspects of social capital have been linked to reduced HIV transmission behaviors3-5 • Studies used different methods of assessment of social capital • Literature lacks a general description of social capital, and a description of its health correlates, in a diverse sample of PLWH . 1:Bourdieu 1985, p248;2:Portes, 1998; 3: Bhattacharya., 2005; 4: Frumence, 2010;5: Pronyk et al., 2008

4. Research Aims • Describe levels of social capital in an international sample of adults living with HIV/AIDS; • Provide evidence for the validity of the individual-level, Social Capital Scale in this population; and • Determine the nature of associations between social capital, physical and psychological health, social support, and HIV status among PLWH.

6. Results .

7. .

8. Research Aims • Describe levels of social capital in an international sample of adults living with HIV/AIDS; • Provide evidence for the validity of the individual-level, Social Capital Scale in this population; and • Determine the nature of associations between social capital, physical and psychological health, social support, and HIV status among PLWH. .

9. Results .

10. Summary: Aim 1 Results • Increased social capital in PLWH than previously reported • Differences by geographic region; and • Suggests a relationship between social capital and perceived health in PLWH .

11. Research Aims • Describe levels of social capital in an international sample of adults living with HIV/AIDS; • Provide evidence for the validity of the individual-level, Social Capital Scale in this population; and • Determine the nature of associations between social capital, physical and psychological health, social support, and HIV status among PLWH. .

12. Principle Components Factor Analysis with (Promax) Oblique Rotation .

13. Research Aims • Describe levels of social capital in an international sample of adults living with HIV/AIDS; • Provide evidence for the validity of the individual-level, Social Capital Scale in this population; and • Determine the nature of associations between social capital, physical and psychological health, social support, and HIV status among PLWH. .

14. Bivariate Correlation Coefficients1 between Social Capital and Mental Health Variables Adult PLWH . 1Range -1 to 1 where 0 indicates no relationship and -1/1 indicated a strong relationship

15. Bivariate Correlation Coefficients1 between Social Capital and Self-Reported Health Condition in PLWH . 1Range -1 to 1 where 0 indicates no relationship and -1/1 indicated a strong relationship

16. Limitations • Convenience sampling • Modification of the Social Capital Scale • Mainly U.S.-based sites .

17. Summary of our findings • This is the first report to quantitatively describe levels of total social capital in a large, international sample of PLWH; • Researchers can be confident that the Social Capital Scale is an appropriate measure of social capital in PLWH; • Our findings add to the growing evidence of the relationship between social capital and health, uniquely describing this relationship in PLWH; • Health interventions that emphasize increasing total social capital in PLWH can be built upon our descriptive findings .

18. Acknowledgements Members of the International HIV/AIDS Nursing Research Network J. Craig Philips, PhD University of British Columbia Carol Dawson Rose, PhD Mallory Johnson, PhD Carmen Portillo, PhD University of California, San Francisco William L. Holzemer, PhD Lucille Eller, PhD Dean Wantland, PhD Rutgers College of Nursing Wei-Ti Chen, DNSc Yale University Lynda Tyer-Viola, PhD Inge B. Corless, PhD MGH Institute of Health Professions Marta Rivero-Mendez, DNS University of Puerto Rico Patrice Nicholas, DNSc Brigham and Women's Hospital Kathleen Nokes, PhD Hunter College, CUNY Jeanne Kemppainen, PhD University of North Carolina Wilmington Scholastika Iipinge, PhD University of Namibia Kenn Kirksey, PhD Seton Family of Hospitals PuangtipChaiphibalsarisdi, PhD SuanSunandhaRajabhat University Joachim Voss, PhD University of Washington Robert A. Salata, MD Case Western Reserve University

19. Acknowledgements This project was supported in part by: NIH UL1 RR024131; NIH T32NR007081; NIH KL2RR024990; NIH R15NR011130; International Pilot Award, University of Washington CFAR; University of British Columbia School of Nursing Helen Shore Fund; Duke University School of Nursing Office of Research Affairs; Rutgers College of Nursing; and City University of New York. Theses funding agencies had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication .