WELCOME TO THE TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON E-BOMB

1. WELCOME TO THE TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON E-BOMB Presented By: KUMAR ANAND SINGH ADMN. NO- 04-244,ETC/2008

2. THE BASIC IDEA The basic idea is to produce a very short and intense electromagnetic pulse that would overwhelm the electrical and electronic circuitry situated in its vicinity. THE HISTORY • Dates back to 1950s. • American test of hydrogen bomb in 1958 and its consequences. • Researchers related this effect to Compton theory.

3. COMPTON THEORY

5. The Technology Base for Conventional Electromagnetic Bombs • Explosively pumped flux compression generators (FCG) • Propellant driven magneto hydrodynamic generators (MHD) • High power microwave devices (HPM) Explosively pumped flux compression generators (FCG) • Its principle is that of using a fast explosive to rapidly compress a magnetic • field, transferring much of its energy from the explosive into the magnetic field • MAIN PARTS: • Armature tube • Stator winding • Dielectric structural jacket • Explosive • Power supply

7. Sequence of Events in an FCG: Here's the sequence of events when the bomb goes off: 1.A switch connects the capacitors to the stator, sending an electrical current through the wires which generates an intense magnetic field. 2.A fuse mechanism ignites the explosive material. The explosion travels as a wave through the middle of the armature cylinder. 3.As the explosion makes its way through the cylinder, the cylinder comes in contact with the stator winding. This creates a short circuit, cutting the stator off from its power supply. 4.The moving short circuit compresses the magnetic field, generating an intense electromagnetic burst.

9. High Power Microwave Devices: • The device used by bomb designers is called VIRACTOR (Virtual Cathode oscillator) • The fundamental idea behind VIRACTOR is to accelerate a high current electron beam against a foil anode. • Many electrons pass through the anode and forms a space of bubble charge forming a virtual cathode. • The space charge is kept in a resonant cavity to achieve high peak powers.

10. Power Coupling Modes: • Front Door Coupling: • Here power from the weapon is coupled into an antenna associated with radar or communication equipment. • The antenna subsystem is designed to couple power in and out of the equipment and provides an efficient path for EM weapon to enter the equipment and cause damage 2.Back Door Coupling: • Back Door Coupling occurs when the electromagnetic field from a weapon produces large transient currents (termed spikes, when produced by a low frequency weapon ) or electrical standing waves (when produced by a HPM weapon) on fixed electrical wiring and cables interconnecting equipment. • HPM devices provide another mode of back door coupling where they directly couple into equipment through ventilation holes, gaps between panels and poorly shielded interfaces.

11. Lethality of Electromagnetic Bombs: • Destroys telephone lines, networking cables and power lines follow streets, building risers and corridors coming under its lethal footprint. • All solid state devices, computer equipments, vehicle ignition systems. • Power generated: 1.FCG :-Of the order of tens of megawatts. 2.HPM :-170 kWs to 40 giga watts. • No harm to human beings. • Maximising Electromagnetic Bomb Lethality: • Maximise the peak power and duration of radiation. • Maximise the coupling efficiency into the target set. • Antenna design. • Detonating the bomb at the proper altitude. • Circular polarisation of radiation.

12. Examples:

17. THE END THANK YOU