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From the College Board Web Site:

From the College Board Web Site:

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From the College Board Web Site:

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  1. From the College Board Web Site: • The computer counts how many answers the student got wrong, then deducts a fraction of that number from the number of right answers. For exams with five-choice items, the fraction is one quarter; for those with four-choice items, it is one third. This type of scoring is appropriate for tests where students are not expected to have mastered all of the material that might be tested. With this procedure, the average multiple-choice score under purely random guessing is zero. • The total score is now rounded to the nearest whole number; if the score falls halfway between two whole numbers, it is rounded upward. If the student scores less than zero as a result of the correction for guessing, the score is replaced with a zero.

  2. Postwar Economy • slump from 46-48 • New Deal protection of Unions is Over • Union Membership peaks in 1950 The GI Bill – ‘44 • billions of $$ to WWII vets: • attend college or voc. School • get low-interest loans for homes, farms, & small business • stimulates economic boom

  3. The Postwar Boom • “sustained growth” – 1950-70 • “middle class” doubles • 60% by 1955 • more women work • but the “second shift” persists • standard of living increases

  4. Causes • WWII jump-started economy • “military-industrial complex” – • cheap energy (oil, gas, coal) • higher worker productivity -

  5. Demographics • from “the rust belt” to “the sun belt” – “white flight” - • results in “urban blight” – • Levittown – the baby boom - • boom / drain on economy @ each life stage

  6. Eerie Similarities of 1920s & 1950s • postwar decade • booming, consumption based economy emphasis on conformity • Suburbia – “Leave it to Beaver” • Red Scares in 20s & 50s • “The Company Man” • 20s rebels = “Lost Generation” • 50s rebels = “beatniks”

  7. Women in 20s & 50s • women work more outside the home . . . • expected to still be the “ideal housewife” • “second shift” of 20s still pervades in 50s • new inventions = more work • 20s flapper is the 50s “rock and roller”

  8. Postwar Economy • slump from 46-48 • New Deal protection of Unions is Over • Union Membership peaks in 1950 The GI Bill – ‘44 billions of $$$ to WWII vets: • attend college or voc. School • low-interest loans • stimulates economic boom

  9. The Postwar Boom • “sustained growth” – 1950-70 • “middle class” doubles • 60% by 1955 • more women work • but the “second shift” persists • standard of living increases

  10. Causes • WWII jump-started economy • “military-industrial complex” – • cheap energy (oil, gas, coal) • higher worker productivity -

  11. Schedule Update • 1- The Packet Shall Rule Our Lives • 2- We Shall Not Neglect The Review Schedule • 3- AP Party – Friday 6:30am • 4- Section II Mock Exam • Thursday April 27th – 12:15 - 2:45pm

  12. Demographics • from “the rust belt” to “the sun belt” – “white flight” - • results in “urban blight” – • Levittown – • the baby boom – • impact -

  13. Eerie Similarities of 1920s & 1950s • postwar decade • booming, consumption based economy emphasis on conformity • Suburbia – “Leave it to Beaver” • Red Scares in 20s & 50s • “The Company Man” • 20s rebels = “flappers” / “Lost Generation” • 50s rebels = “rock n rollers” / “beatniks”

  14. 1. Taft-Hartley Act 1947 • 2. Serviceman's Readjustment Act (1944) • (GI Bill of Rights) • 3. "NSC-68" • 4. military-industrial complex • 5. Sunbelt • 6. baby boom • 7. "Levittown, N.J." • 8. "white flight"

  15. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • Big 3 at time - • Stalin gets • 1- • 2- • By promising • 1- • 2- FDR criticized -

  16. 1. Taft-Hartley Act 1947 • 2. Serviceman's Readjustment Act (1944) • (GI Bill of Rights) • 3. "NSC-68" • 4. military-industrial complex • 5. Sunbelt • 6. baby boom • 7. "Levittown, N.J." • 8. "white flight" • 9. Yalta Conference, Feb. 1945 • 10. “spheres of influence” • 11. Bretton Woods Agreement (1944) • 12. UN Conference, April 1945

  17. Soviet Union Communist No Opposition Goal = Angry @ U.S. 1- 2- 3- US Capitalist Democracy Goal = Angry @ Soviet Union 1- 2-

  18. 1. Taft-Hartley Act 1947 • 2. Serviceman's Readjustment Act (1944) • (GI Bill of Rights) • 3. "NSC-68" • 4. military-industrial complex • 5. Sunbelt • 6. baby boom • 7. "Levittown, N.J." • 8. "white flight" • 9. Yalta Conference, Feb. 1945 • 10. “spheres of influence” • 11. Bretton Woods Agreement (1944) • 12. UN Conference, April 1945

  19. 13. Nuremburg Trials 1945-1946 • 14. Berlin Airlift 1948 • 15. "satellite states" • 16. "Containment Policy" (George F. Kennan) • 17. Truman Doctrine, March 1947 • 18. Marshall Plan, 1947 • 19. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 1949 • 20. National Security Act, 1947 • 21. Nuclear Arms Race • Sept. 1949 - • 1952 - • 1953 -

  20. 22. China, 1949 • 23. Truman's "loyalty program" , 1947 • 24. House Committee on Un-American Activities • 25. Alger Hiss, 1948 • 26. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, 1951 • 27. 38th parallel • 28. November, 1950 • 29. Dwight D. Eisenhower • 30. Adlai E. Stevenson • 31. Richard M. Nixon • 32. “Checkers” speech (1952) • 33. Korean armistice (1952)

  21. 34. Sen. Joseph McCarthy • 35. Army-McCarthy hearings (1954) • 36. Jim Crow laws • 37. Emmett Till (1955) • 38. Jackie Robinson  • 39. NAACP • 40. Thurgood Marshall • 41. Rosa Parks (1955) • 42. Montgomery bus boycott • 43. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.

  22. 44. Earl Warren   • 45. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) • 46. Little Rock Central High (1957) • 47. Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1957) • 48. Greensboro “sit-ins” (1960) • 49. Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (1960) • 50. Interstate Highway Act (1956) • 51. John Foster Dulles • 52. Strategic Air Command (SAC) • 53. “massive retaliation” • 54. Nikita Khrushchev

  23. 55.Geneva summit (1955) • 56. Hungarian uprising (1956) • 57. Ho Chi Minh • 58. Dienbienphu (1954) • 59. Geneva Conference (1954) • 60. Ngo Dinh Diem • 61. Warsaw Pact (1955) • 62. Shah of Iran (1953) • 63. Suez crisis (1956) • 64. Eisenhower Doctrine (1957) • 65. OPEC (1960) • 66. Sputnik (1957)

  24. 67. Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) • 68. “Missile gap” • 69. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) • 70. National Defense and Education Act (1958) • 71. Lebanon intervention (1958) • 72. “Spirit of Camp David” (1959) • 73. U-2 spy plane (1960) • 74. Guatemalan intervention (1954) • 75. Fulgencio Batista • 76. Fidel Castro (1959)

  25. 77. Richard Nixon • 78. “Kitchen debate” • 79. John F. Kennedy  • 80. Lyndon B. Johnson • 81. “New Frontier” • 82. Nixon-Kennedy TV debates (1960) • 83. Twenty-second Amendment (1951) • 84. Betty Friedan • 85. Television • 86. Billy Graham, Oral Roberts, Fulton Sheen • 87. Elvis Presley • 88. Marilyn Monroe

  26. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 89. John F. Kennedy • 90. Robert F. Kennedy • 91. J. Edgar Hoover • 92. Robert S. McNamara • 93. “New Frontier” • 94. Peace Corps • 95. “Man on the moon” (1969) • 96. Nikita Khrushchev • 97. Vienna Conference (1961) • 98. Berlin wall (1961)

  27. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 99. “Massive retaliation” • 100. “Flexible response” • 101. Green Berets • 102. Anti-Diem coup (1963) • 103. Alliance for Progress (1961) • 104. Bay of Pigs (1961) • 105. Cuban missile crisis (October 1962) • 106. Peaceful coexistence/détente • 107. Freedom Riders (1961) • 108. James Meredith (1962) • 109. Birmingham protests (1963) • 110. March on Washington (August 1963) • 111. Medgar Evers

  28. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 112. Lee Harvey Oswald (November 22, 1963) • 113. Jack Ruby • 114. Earl Warren • 115. Lyndon B. Johnson • 116. Civil Rights Act (1964) • 117. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) • 118. Title VII • 119. “Affirmative action” • 120. “War on Poverty” • 121. “Great Society” • 122. Michael Harrington (1962)

  29. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 123. Barry Goldwater (1964) • 124. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) • 125. Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO)   • 126. DOT and HUD (1965) • 127. Robert C. Weaver • 128. National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities • 129. Medicare • 130. Medicaid • 131. “Entitlement” programs

  30. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 132. Immigration and Nationality Act (1965) • 133. Project Head Start • 134. Voting Rights Act (1965) • 135. Twenty-fourth Amendment (1964) • 136. Mississippi “freedom summer” (1964) • 137. Selma march (1965) • 138. Watts (1965) • 139. Malcolm X • 140. Elijah Muhammed • 141. Black Panther Party • 142. Stokeley Carmichael • 143. “Black Power” • 144. King assassination (1968)

  31. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 145. Dominican intervention (1965) • 146. “Operation Rolling Thunder” (1965) • 147. Vietnam “escalation” (1965) • 148. “Domino” theory • 149. “Credibility gap” • 150. “Doves” and “hawks” • 151. Tet offensive (1968) • 152. Sen. Eugene McCarthy • 153. Johnson’s “abdication” (1968) • 154. Hubert H. Humphrey • 155. R. F. Kennedy assassination (1968) • 156. Chicago Democratic convention (1968) • 157. Richard M. Nixon • 158. George C. Wallace

  32. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 159. “Beat” poets (1950s) • 160. James Dean • 161. Free speech movement • 162. “Counterculture” • 163. “Sexual revolution” • 164. Birth-control pill (1960) • 165. Dr. Alfred Kinsey • 166. Stonewall incident (1969) • 167. Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) • 168. “Weathermen” • 169. “Flower children”

  33. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 170. Inflation • 171. “Vietnamization” (1969)   • 172. “Nixon Doctrine” (1969) • 173. Vietnam moratorium (1969) • 174. My Lai massacre (1968) • 175. Cambodian invasion (1970) • 176. Kent State/Jackson State (1970) • 177. Tonkin Gulf Resolution repeal (1970) • 178. Twenty-sixth Amendment (1971) • 179. Daniel Ellsberg • 180. Pentagon Papers (1971) • 181. Henry Kissinger • 182. China opening (1971)

  34. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 183. Détente policy • 184. Antiballistic missile (ABM) treaty (1972) • 185. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) (1972) • 186. Earl Warren   • 187. Liberal Warren Court decisions • Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) • Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) • Miranda (1966) • 188. Warren E. Berger (1969) • 189. Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) • 190. Supplemental Security Income (SSI) • 191. Environmental Protection Agency (1970) • 192. Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) • 193. Rachel Carson/Silent Spring (1962) • 194. Clean Air and Endangered Species Acts (1970) • 195. Nixon’s “southern strategy” • 196. Sen. George McGovern (1972) • 197. Vietnam pullout (1973)

  35. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 198. CREEP • 199. Watergate break-in (June 1972) • 200. Spiro Agnew • 201. Gerald Ford • 202. “Saturday night massacre” (1973) • 203. Cambodian bombings (1973) • 204. Pol Pot • 205. War Powers Act (1973) • 206. Arab Oil Embargo (1974) • 207. “Energy crisis” • 208. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) • 209. Nixon resignation (August 8, 1974) • 210. Vietnam defeat (1975)

  36. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 211. Title IX (1972) • 212. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) • 213. Roe v. Wade (1973) • 214. Phyllis Schlafly • 215. Betty Freidan • 216. National Organization for Women (NOW) • 217. Milliken v. Bradley (1974) • 218. “Reverse discrimination” • 219. Bakke case (1978) • 220. United States v. Wheeler (1978) • 221. Jimmy Carter (1976) • 222. Department of Energy • 223. “Human rights” • 224. Camp David accords (1978) • 225. Return of Panama Canal • 226. Brezhnev and SALT II negotiations (1979) • 227. Iranian hostage crisis (1979–1980) • 228. Ayatollah Khomeini • 229. Afghanistan invasion and Olympic boycott (1980)

  37. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 230. “New Right” movement • 231. Ronald Reagan • 232. Jimmy Carter • 233. Sen. Edward Kennedy • 234. Iranian hostage release (1981)   • 235. “Welfare state” • 236. “Supply-side” economics (“Reaganomics”) • 237. Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI or “Star Wars”) • 238. “Solidarity” • 239. 1984 Olympic boycott • 240. “Sandinistas” • 241. “Contra” rebels • 242. Walter Mondale • 243. Geraldine Ferraro

  38. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) • 244. Mikhail Gorbachev • 245. Glastnost • 246. Perestroika • 247. Geneva (1985) and Reykjavik (1986) summits • 248. INF Treaty (1987) • 249. Moscow summit (1988) • 250. Iran-Contra affair (1986) • 251. Oliver North • 252. Rev. Jerry Falwell • 253. Moral Majority • 254. George H. W. Bush   • 255. Tiananmen Square (1989) • 256. Berlin wall (1989) • 257. German reunification (1990) • 258. Boris Yeltsin • 259. Dissolution of the Soviet Union (1991)

  39. Eisenhower & The Cold War Dwight Eisenhower (52-60) • Richard M. Nixon - • John Foster Dulles - • “brinksmanship” – • H-Bomb Perfected (’52) - • Mutually Assured Destruction - • Nikita Khrushchev (’53) - • Sputnik I (’57) - • “space race” –

  40. Cold War = US #1 priority • National Defense and Education Act (NDEA) (’58) • Eisenhower’s Farewell Address – • “beware of the military industrial complex” • CIA - • Guatemala (’54) -

  41. Cold War in the 60s • Castro & Che (’59) - • U-2 incident (’60) - • Kennedy (‘60-‘63) • Lyndon Johnson - • “the best & the brightest” • Robert McNamara - • Berlin Wall (’61) - • Bay of Pigs (April ’61) - • Cuban Missile Crisis (October ’62) -

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