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Explore the intriguing definitions of culture and civilization, including the way of life of different groups and the key components of complex civilizations. Discover how culture is learned and the essential characteristics of civilizations, such as advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record-keeping, and advanced technology. Dive into the impact of city size on civilization characteristics and the intertwined development of specialized workers and complex institutions.
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Culture and Civilization Ch. 1 and 2
Definition of Culture • The way of life of a group of people
Culture Review • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57KW6RO8Rcs
Definition of Civilization • A complex culture that contains five characteristics: advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology.
1. Advanced Cities • A city is the center of trade for a larger area (vs. a village or town). • Cities provided the continued contact of a large group of people.
2. Specialized Workers • An abundant food supply enabled people to focus skills on a specific kind of work (specialization). • Ex. Artisans – skilled workers who make goods by hand.
3. Complex Institutions • Long-lasting patterns of organization in a community. • Government • Religion • Economy
4. Record Keeping • To keep track of taxes, laws, calendar, etc. • Scribes: professional record keepers Sumerian Cuneiform
5. Improved Technology • New tools and techniques to solve problems that emerge.
Review • How does the size of a city’s population lead to the other characteristics of civilization? • What is the relationship between the development of specialized workers and the development of complex institutions?