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What to Know About Child Exploitation and Human Trafficking

What to Know About Child Exploitation and Human Trafficking. Ver. 18.09. Introductions . Name Where are you from? How long have you been a foster parent? How many children have you fostered?. Objectives. Gain insight into the criminality of human trafficking

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What to Know About Child Exploitation and Human Trafficking

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  1. What to Know About Child Exploitation and Human Trafficking Ver. 18.09

  2. Introductions • Name • Where are you from? • How long have you been a foster parent? • How many children have you fostered?

  3. Objectives • Gain insight into the criminality of human trafficking • Understand how children are lured into the sex slave industry • Explore attitudes and assumptions related to child sex trafficking. • Recognize the signs and risk factors related to commercial sexual exploitation of minors. • Identify the characteristics that place children and youth at risk of sex trafficking. • Recognize the immediate and long term health care needs of trafficked youth

  4. Agenda • Welcome and Introduction • What is Child Exploitation and Human Trafficking? • Changing the Language • Becoming Trauma Informed • Health Needs for Trafficked Youth • What Foster Parents Can Do • Closure

  5. Ground Rules • Be on time • Please turn off cell phones • Please hold calls until break • Actively participate • Return from breaks on time • Avoid disturbing others • Avoid performing activities other than training • Have fun! 

  6. Expectations • Be Responsible for your own learning • Have Enjoyment of opportunity • Be Sensitive to each other’s needs and diversity • Know Professionals are professional in their conduct • Embrace Education as a continuous process that requires effort • Cherish Commitment to personal growth and development • Acknowledge Time management is personal management

  7. FAST FACTS: $32 Billion Industry

  8. FAST FACTS: Heat Maps Show Increase 2015 2016 Includes cases reported to the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline

  9. FAST FACTS: Found In All Fifty States • Sex trafficking has been reportedinall50 States • An estimated 100,000children/youth are sexuallyexploitedintheUnitedStates (includingterritories)everyyear • 2017 data identified6, 081victims: • 1,954 minors(32%) • 93%female • 6% male • 1% gender minorities (including transgender) • Nativechildren/youtharefivetimes more likelythanpeers tobetrafficked National Human Trafficking Resource Center (NHTRC)

  10. FAST FACTS: Data from Tennessee • In 2017 there were 370 calls of possible human trafficking. • 110 were verified human trafficking cases • 86 of 110 were related to sex trafficking. • 41 of the 86 sex trafficking cases involved minor victims • The most notable venues for sex trafficking are: • Online ads • Hotels / Motels

  11. FAST FACTS: Data from Tennessee In Tennessee, the latest statewide data suggests that around twenty girls under the age of 18 are commercially sexually exploited on a typical weekend night via Internet classifieds websites and escort services.

  12. FAST FACTS: Runaways are at Risk From: National Center for Missing & Exploited Children: www.missingkids.com

  13. FAST FACTS: Runaways are at Risk • Nearly 70% of runaway youth were age 16-17, and more than half of the runaways were girls. • 40% of the youth who ran away were expected to age out of care and nearly 2/3rd of those who ran had three or more placements. More than 40% had five or more placements.

  14. Correlation of CSEM and Child Welfare • 35% of cases reported to CPS were due to sexual abuse or emotional/ psychological maltreatment • Victims of child abuse are 28% more likely to be arrested for prostitution. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Mather, 2014

  15. Activity: Changing the Language

  16. Inappropriate Language • Placesblameon the childratherthan recognizingtheperpetrator • A“badkid”actingasadelinquent • Usedasan insult/derogatoryterm • Alabelwith long-lastingstigma • Associatedwithnegativestereotypes(drug addict,sexuallypromiscuous,etc.) • Wronglyequatedwitha“profession”or “choice” Teen/Child Prostitute

  17. Appropriate Language • Recognizesthatachildis notdevelopmentally,legally, or sociallyabletomakethe“choice”tobecome involvedinthecommercialsex industry • Defineswhatis happeningtothechildrather than labelingthechild • Ayoungpersonwhodeservesintensivesupportand services Child Sex Trafficking Victim

  18. Appropriate Language (Cont…) • Ayoungpersonwhohas beensexuallyused,coerced, manipulated,andviolentlycontrolledfor another person’sbenefit • By acknowledgingthe“victim“, this alsoconveysthatthere is an“offender”or “perpetrator” • Takes into consideration vulnerability of children • A victim ofchildabuse Child Sex Trafficking Victim

  19. Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Minors Or CSEM is: The commercial sexual exploitation of children is a large and growing concern around the world. Every year thousands of children are coerced, kidnapped or tricked by traffickers or pimps into the sex trade. Even though commercially sexually exploited children are routinely arrested as prostitutes and charged with prostitution in the United States, every act of “prostitution” where a child is involved is actually an act of child abuse, rape, and sexual exploitation.

  20. Risk Factors for CSEM • History of childhood trauma/abuse (mental, physical and sexual) • Children/youth in foster care • History of involvement with the juvenile justice system/status offenses • Children/youth in group homes/shelters • Homelessness/runaway status • LGBTQ Youth • Poverty • Youth with or in families with severe substance abuse • Youth experiencing or in families with mental health issues • Youth with developmental delays • Unaccompanied children and youth

  21. Forms of Child Sex Trafficking

  22. How They Recruit

  23. Video: Hidden America

  24. What is a Trauma Bond? Traumatic bonding is a strong, emotional connection thatdevelopsbetweenthevictimandperpetratorduring anabusiverelationshipduetothefollowingfactors: NewJerseyChildWelfareTrainingPartnership. (2012).Humantrafficking engagement& interviewingskills. NewBrunswick: NJ,RutgersUniversity

  25. Indicators of Trauma Bonding

  26. Relationship Building Process Rapport Building • This includes a “getting to know you” level information • Foster parent may need to try multiple times before engagement occurs • Engage in (healthy) activities in which the youth is most interested

  27. Relationship Building Process Trust Building • Trust is built over time with small interactions • Set and model boundaries • Show up; be consistent and engaged • Expect testing • Offer choices • Advocate for the youth

  28. Relationship Building Process Relationship Building • The youth may communicate proactively • Engage in youth-led activities; the youth is asking for your support in specific ways and setting goals and boundaries • Support the youth to advocate for themselves

  29. Relationship Building Process Support System Building • The youth feels empowered to advocate for themselves • Leverage your relationships to increase the youth’s support system • Foster parent should not be the only supportive relationship the youth has

  30. Leslie Briner, MSW states… “Relationship ISthe intervention”

  31. Safety Systems Analysis In an attempt to better understand the Department’s strength’s and vulnerabilities in preventing, detecting, and investigating CSEM: • A Safety Systems Analysis was conducted by the Office of Child Health, Division of Safety Analysis • The stories of eight child trafficking victims were reviewed • Six of the eight cases occurred in the summer of 2015, with the remaining two having occurred in winter 2015-2016.

  32. Safety Systems Analysis Review of these cases highlighted the following key areas for improvement: • Increasing communication to best ensure safe decisions and quality coordination of care for victims • Raising awareness to victims’ immediate and long-term healthcare needs • Increasing the number of safe placements for exploited youth, to better prevent victims from spending time in detention • Improving knowledge of “red flags” for exploitation and screening processes to identify victims

  33. Health Services for Trafficked Youth

  34. Health Services for Trafficked Youth Steps to safeguard the health of trafficked youth: • Ensure access to medical treatment • Work with the child’s team to make sure their health needs are met • Consider potential trauma when accessing health services • Ask youth if they have a gender preference for a doctor

  35. Brainstorm How can YOU as a foster parent make a difference?

  36. You CAN Make a Difference! • Create a safe space • Know who their friends are • Be a parent, not a friend • Beware of social media • Have open communication • Be involved

  37. What did you learn? • What is one thing that you learned today that you didn’t know or that stood out for you?

  38. Thank you for your participation

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