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The Resilient Kurds: An Ancient People in a Modern World

Explore the history and struggles of the Kurds, the largest ethnic group in the Middle East without a permanent government. From ancient military traditions to modern political movements, discover the Kurds' journey towards self-determination amidst regional conflicts. Learn about their diverse political parties, relations with neighboring countries, and the impact of key events like the Iraq invasion. Uncover the challenges and triumphs shaping the Kurdish identity in today's world.

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The Resilient Kurds: An Ancient People in a Modern World

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  1. The Kurds Celeste, Miranda, Natty

  2. The Kurds • 26 million population. The largest ethnic group in the middle east without a permanent government • Ancient people with reputation for military tradition • No nation of their own because of hostile rivalries and government

  3. Kurds cont. • 1991/Iraqi Kurds revolt against Saddam Hussein • Iraqi troops drove thousands of Kurdish rebels and civilians to borders of Iraq and Turkey • Many refugees died from starvation and exposure to freezing mountains • U.S. provided relief by giving supplies • Northern Iraq is where four to five million control territory

  4. Election • May 1992 • 105- seat assembly • Armed guerrillas left positions to vote • Tribal chiefs and Muslim Sheiks held power • Kurds loyalty divided

  5. KDP • Kurdistan Democratic Party • Largest and oldest • Appeals to mountain Kurds • Founded in 1945 in Iran • Under control of Barzani family

  6. Other Kurdish Political Parties • PUK • Patriotic Union of Kurdistan • Jalal Talabani and Ibrahim Ahmad • Supported by Iran • Nationalists • Kurdish Communist Party • Islamic Movement of Kurdistan • Iraq should become Islamic state

  7. PKK • Kurdistan Worker’s Party • Marxist group • Demands self rule and basic rights • Under Turkish Law • Kurds must go to Turkish language school • They are discouraged from speaking Kurdish

  8. Turkey’s Promise • Turkey and Iraq Kurdish groups have good relations. • Turkey’s Promise • Stop PKK from using Iraq as an attack base. • Turks aid Iraq • 1998- Kurds sign peace agreement in Washington D.C. • Drive PKK guerrillas out of controlled areas

  9. Current Events • 2003 U.S. leads invasion of Iraq. • Overthrow of Saddam Hussein's gov • Encouraged Iraq Kurds to demand self gov • 2004 Interim constitution • Gave the Kurds their own flag • Signed by Iraq gov. council • Gave three Kurdish provinces veto power • Gave veto power over approval of a permanent constitution • 2005 • Jalal Talabani elected president of Iraq

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