The Reform Era

1. The Reform Era Patrick Welsh Zachary Nixon

2. Second Great Awakening • What it is was? • The Second Great Awakening was a Christian Revival movement during the 1800s in the United States. The Movement began around 1800, and gained momentum by the 1820s, and had its decline in the 1870s. The Second Great Awakening expressed Armenian Theology (A mixture of Protestant and Catholic beliefs), that everyone could be saved from their sins from revivals. The movement acquired millions of new members, and led to the formation of new denominations of religion.

3. Second Great Awakening • Who? • Itinerant preachers such as Charles GranisonFinnely would travel town to town lecturing crowds about abolishing sin to make your life more perfect to god.

4. Second Great Awakening • When? • This took place during the 1800s. It started to gain momentum in the 1820s and started its decline in the 1870s.

5. Temperance Movement • How it started? • The temperance movement of the 19th and early 20th centuries was an organized effort to encourage moderation in the consumption of intoxicating liquors or press for complete abstinence.

6. Temperance Movement • Why it started? • The movement existed in a matrix of unrest and intellectual ferment in which such other social ills as slavery, neglect and ill-treatment of marginalized people, were addressed by liberals and conservatives alike. Sometimes called the First Reform Era, running through the 1830s and '40s, it was a period of inclusive humanitarian reform.

7. Temperance Movement • Who was involved? • The people involved in the Temperance Movement was mostly women, with their children, had endured the effects of unbridled drinking by many of their menfolk. In fact, alcohol was blamed for many of society's demerits

8. Temperance Movement • State wide spread!!! • The first statewide success for the temperance movement was in Maine, which passed a law on June 2, 1851, which served as model for other states. Proponents suggested that it was motivated by a justified concern for the public welfare, but not all agreed.

9. Utopian Movement • What was it? • The Utopian Movement was a time period during American History when people with radical views started to create their own perfect communities. These were called Utopian Colonies, or perfect little communities. However, most of them were unsuccessful and died out after a few years for various reasons. Some examples of these colonies were Brook Farm, New Harmony, and Shakers. • The definition of a utopian colony, according to Robert V. Hine, author of California's Utopian Colonies, "consists of a group of people who are attempting to establish a new social pattern based upon a vision of the ideal society and who have withdrawn themselves from the community at large to embody that vision in experimental form."

10. Utopian Movement • How it started? • The Amana Colonies were one of many utopian colonies established on American soil during the 18th and 19th centuries. There were hundreds of communal utopian experiments in the early United States, and the Shakers alone founded around 20 settlements. While great differences existed between the various utopian communities or colonies, each society shared a common bond in a vision of communal living in a utopian society.

11. Utopian Movement • Origin of the Movement. • The western idea of utopia originates in the ancient world, where legends of an earthly paradise lost to history combined with the human desire to create, or recreate, an ideal society, helped form the utopian idea.

12. Labor Movement • What? • It started to make working conditions better for people. • It opened up more job opportunities. • More products were made because of the factories and therefore more money was made.

13. Labor Movement • When? • 1800s – present

14. Works Cited • Kent, Chancellor. "The Temperance Movement." United States American History. Web. 14 Feb. 2012. <http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1054.html>. • Robert N. Stern, Daniel B. Cornfield, The U.S. labor movement:References and Resources, G.K. Hall & Co 1996 • "The Second Great Awakening and the Age of Reform | Teach US History." Teach US History |. Web. 15 Feb. 2012. <http://www.teachushistory.org/second-great-awakening-age-reform>. • "What Was the Utopian Movement." The Q&A Wiki. Web. 14 Feb. 2012. <http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_Utopian_Movement>. • "Utopian Societies-The Amana Colonies National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your America. Web. 15 Feb. 2012. <http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/amana/utopia.htm>.