Methods used to control the spread of infection

1. Methods used to control the spread of infection Precautions 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

2. Warm up 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

3. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Developed by the CDC • Enforced by OSHA • Used on ALL patients- think of all patients having an infectious disease. • Includes: • Hand washing • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Gloves • Gowns • Masks and eye protection • Needle stick safety • Sharps • Spills and splashes • Resuscitation devices • Waste and linen disposal • Injuries 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

4. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precaution #1 • Hand washing 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

5. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precaution # 2 • Gloves 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

6. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precaution # 3 • Personal protection equipment (PPE) 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

7. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Masks and eye protection 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

8. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precaution # 4 Proper Disposal of Sharp Items 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

9. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Sharps 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

10. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Spills and splashes 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

11. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Resuscitation devices 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

12. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Waste and linen disposal 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

13. Methods used to control the spread of infectionStandard Precautions • Injuries 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

14. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionBloodborne Pathogen Standard • Applies to all occupational exposure of blood or other potentially infectious material. • Blood = human blood, blood components, blood products • Bloodborne pathogens = disease causing organisms in blood (Hep. B, Hep. C, HIV, Ebola) 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

15. Methods used to control the spread of infectionBloodborne Pathogen Standard In an emergency when you cannot identify body fluids or tell whether they contain blood, treat all body fluids as potentially infectious. 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

16. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionTuberculosis Standard • OSHA Standard to reduce occupationally transmitted/acquired TB • Requires FIT tested and training in the use of specific respiratory PPE • PPD skin test annually 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

17. Methods used to control the spread of infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions Standard PrecautionsPLUS • Airborne Precautions • Contact Precautions • Droplet Precautions 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

18. Methods used to control the spread of infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions • Transmission based precautions • Additional precautions used with patients infected with pathogens that are spread via: • airborne transmission • droplet transmission • direct contact • Requires isolation 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

19. Methods used to control the spread of infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions • Airborne precautions • Patient pathogens are transmitted by airborne droplets • Specific PPEs- • fitted mask- especially TB 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

20. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionAirborne Precautions • Patients room door must be closed • Pathogens remain suspended in the air on dust particles • High Efficiency Particulate (HEPA) respirators required by Health Care Workers. • Must be fit tested for HEPA respirators. • Helps prevent the spread of measles, chicken pox, TB and shingles. • Negative pressure room

21. Methods used to control the spread of infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions • Droplet precautions • Used when large-particle droplets are expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking or laughing. Specific PPEs- • mask if working within 3 feet of patient 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

22. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionDroplet Precautions • Most infection occurs within 3 feet of patient. • Droplets are heavy and usually fall to the floor within the 3 feet range. • Droplets come from- coughing, sneezing, talking and laughing. • Must wear a mask and face shield if within 3 feet of patient. 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

23. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionDroplet Precautions • Helps prevent the spread of : Influenza Meningitis Pneumonia Sinusitis Whooping Cough and Diptheria Strep Throat Mumps • Private room 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

24. Methods used to control the spread of infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions • Contact precautions • Patient pathogens are able to be spread by direct or indirect contact- Rabies, MRSA, Pink Eye • Specific PPEs • gloves • gowns 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

25. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionContact Precautions • Anything that comes in contact or indirect contact of the patient is contaminated. • Needed for diseases that can easily e transmitted by direct or indirect contact. • Diapered or incontinent patients with intestinal INFECTIONS. • Wear gown if soiling is likely. • Helps prevent the spread of gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin or wound infections. • Private room an must 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

26. *Methods used to control the spread of infectionFacts That All Precautions Have in Common • Limit use of non-critical equipment to a single patient. • Wash hands after care. • Bag linen to prevent contamination of self, environment, or outside of bag. • Discard infectious trash to prevent contamination of self, environment, or outside of bag. • Limit transport of patient to essential purposes only. Must wear mask if airborne or droplet. 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

27. Methods used to control the spread of infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions • Protective or reverse precautions 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

28. Processing • Read article on Standard Precautions and answer questions on the Standard Precautions handout in packet. 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

29. 2.02 Understand infection control procedures The End 2.02 Understand infection control procedures