Chapter 3- English Colonies are Created

2. Chapter 3- English Colonies are Created • English Colonies • The land had been discovered and explored, now it needs to be colonized. Chapter Objectives: 1-To describe how the Jamestown colony became a successful settlement 2-To identify the Pilgrims and the Puritans and where they settled 3-To explain how each English colony came into being 4-To describe what life was like in colonial times 5-To recognized which colonies made up the New England, middle, and southern regions

3. Jamestown Colony • 4 month trip from England to Virginia-in 1607 Jamestown was established • Jamestown’s Conditions • Region was swampy and did not have good drinking water • Paid little attention to working and growing crops rather finding gold and silver • Mosquitos carrying malaria and other diseases • Conditions improve • Settlers found a leader in John Smith-set up a rule that everyone needed to work • John Smith tried to get along with the Powhatans • Supplied the starving settlers with corn

5. Jamestown Colony • 1610 three more English ships carrying supplies and 150 more settlers arrived • 3 Important Events took place 1-Lord Delaware was made governor 2-John Rolfe planted tobacco which allowed them to make money off the crop 3-John Rolfe married a young Indian women named Pocahontas (daughter of the Powhatan chief) which improved the settlers and Indians relationship

6. Jamestown Colony • House of Burgesses was formed • This was a group of people that met to make laws for the larger group • This proved to be the beginning of the representative form of government for America

7. Pilgrims and the Puritans • Plymouth Company had rights to settle in Virginia however they actually settled in New England • Pilgrims • Group of separatists (pilgrims) who did not agree with the religious beliefs of King James I • They wanted to break away from the Church of England completely • They were treated very poorly, and many first fled to Holland, but they were not comfortable with that setting

8. Pilgrims • What Plan did the Pilgrims make? • London Company supplied ships and all the supplies under 3 conditions 1-could settle on the land belonged to the London company in Virginia 2-settlers would work for 7 years and give all the profits back to the investors 3-after 7 years they were free to do as they wished • Pilgrims Voyage • 64 day voyage on the Mayflower • The ship was blown off course and they landed in present day cape cod • Called their colony Plymouth

10. Mayflower Compact • Mayflower Compact • Because they landed farther north and where they were not chartered, they held a meeting and set up their own rules of government • Elected a leader and agreed to pass laws with the majority rule of the group • This marked the beginning of Democracy in America

11. Puritans • Puritans • Unhappy with King James I and their religious ideas • Received a charter in the name of the Massachusetts Bay Colony • 1000 teachers, doctors, lawyers, ministers and merchants set out on a fleet of 15 ships • Landed in Boston in 1630 • John Winthrop became the governor of the new settlement • Within a few years the settlement had grown to nearly 10,000 settlers

12. The English Colonies Grow • Maryland • Under new King Charles I Maryland colony was created 1632 • Passed the Toleration Act requiring all settlers to enjoy religious freedom • Rhode Island • Roger Williams spoke out against the strict Puritans laws and fled • Started the of Providence, which is today in Rhode Island • Connecticut • Another group of Puritans were interested in migrating west to the Connecticut Valley • Thomas Hooker started the colony in 1636

14. Other Colonies Settled • Carolina • 1663 English nobles requested a charter to settle the land of Carolina • Charleston named after King Charles II became and important port • Political arguments forced the splitting of Carolina in 1729 into North and South Carolina • New York • New York began in 1609 as a Dutch colony also called New Netherland • English took over the Dutch colony in 1664 and renamed it New York

15. Other Colonies • New Hampshire • This colony was part of Massachusetts for 39 years until it was sold to the king of England in 1679 • Pennsylvania • William Penn was granted a charter • Penn was a Quaker who believed in equality of all people • Delaware • 1682 William Penn was also granted the land know today as Delaware • Dutch, Swedes and Finns settled here • New Jersey • 1702 New Jersey became a colony • Georgia • James Ogelthorpeaske for a charter where the poor and unfortunate could settle whey they left prison • 1733 the colonists arrived in what is today Savannah Georgia

16. 13 Colonies Established • Settlement of the 13 colonies took place between 1607 and 1733 • Population by the late 1600’s was estimated around 200,000-300,000

17. The Size of the Colonies Increase • Life in the Colonies • American Life was taking shape • Farmers planted crops, merchants sold and shipped goods • Wealthy class of merchants, and large planters • Middle class of farmers, shopkeepers, artisans, and teachers • Lower class were the unskilled workers, indentured servants, and slaves • Indentured Servant • Worker who would come to the colonies and have their trip paid for, housing and food paid for • Usually worked for 4-7 years

18. 3 Colonial Regions • Northern of New England Colonies • New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut • Shipbuilding, lumbering, fishing, trading, and ironworks became their main source of work • Middle Colonies • New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware • Mixed climate which provided grains such as corn and wheat • Called the bread colonies producing large amounts of grain • Southern Colonies • Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Virginia • Warmer climate provided greater growing seasons on plantations • Grew “money crops” such as rice, tobacco, and indigo • Slave labor was introduced to the wealthy plantation owners