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An Overview of Statistics

An Overview of Statistics. NOTES Coach Bridges. What you should learn:. The definition of data and statistics How to distinguish between a population and a sample How to distinguish between a parameter and statistic

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An Overview of Statistics

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  1. An Overview of Statistics NOTES Coach Bridges

  2. What you should learn: • The definition of data and statistics • How to distinguish between a population and a sample • How to distinguish between a parameter and statistic • How to distinguish between descriptive statistics and inferential statistics

  3. What is Statistics? • “The number of Americans with diabetes will nearly double in the next 25 years.” • “The NRF expects holiday sales to decline 1% versus a 3.4% drop in holiday sales the previous year”

  4. Definitions • Data – consist of information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses. • Statistics – the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to make decisions

  5. Definitions • Population – collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts • Sample – subset, or part, of a population • Parameter – a numerical description of a population characteristic • Statistic – a numerical description of a sample characteristic

  6. Population and Sample • In a recent survey, 1500 adults in the United States were asked if they thought there was solid evidence of global warming. Eight hundred fifty-five of the adults said yes. Identify the population and the sample. Describe the sample data set.

  7. Parameter and Statistic • A recent survey of 200 college career centers reported that the average starting salary for petroleum engineering majors is $83,121. • The 2182 students who accepted admission offers to Northwestern University in 2009 have an average SAT score of 1442.

  8. Definitions • Descriptive Statistics – branch of statistics that involves the organization, summarization, and display of data • Inferential Statistics – branch of statistics that involves using a sample to draw conclusions about a population • Probability is the basic tool in the study of inferential statistics

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