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Exploring Theory of Science: Hypotheses, Falsification, and World Phenomena

Delve into the Theory of Science by Arve Meisingset, covering proof theory, hypothesis statements, Popper's falsification, existential quantifiers, and contrasting views such as Extreme Nominalism, Phenomenologist, Finitist, and Relativist perspectives.

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Exploring Theory of Science: Hypotheses, Falsification, and World Phenomena

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  1. Theory of science By Arve Meisingset

  2. Theory of Scienceas Proof theory • Statements about classes of instances • Hypothesis: x (xD  P(f(x))) • For all apples (the apple hangs on a branch of a tree, then it is true that the apple bends the branch with the force F=g*m(apple)) • Popper’s falsification • x (xD  P(x))   x (xD  P(x)) • There exists an apple on a particular branch that both rests on a table, Hence, it is Not True that For all …

  3. Theory of knowledge • Statement about individual instances • This apple exists • This apple is red, or the redness of this apple exists System Nowegian Phenomena Data not denoting anything Isomorphism Phenomena not being denoted

  4. Arve’s views • Extreme nominalist; phenomena (both classes and instances) are data in some observer automaton; ref. the War of Universals • Phenomenologist; neither the real world nor concepts exist (the way phenomena exist), repeated observations organise the world of phenomena • Finitist; real numbers are functions with no stop condition, there exists no infinity, no continuity, and no sets; ref. Cantor • Constructivist; equations are just boundary conditions of algoritms; an equation without an algortm is an incomplete specification • Relativist; all phenomena must be refered to some observer phenomenon • Automaton; we cannot claim to more general than the automata we can describe without making claims which do not denote • etc.!

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