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Acids, Bases and the pH Scale

Acids, Bases and the pH Scale. Grade 9 and 10 Science Mr.MacMillan. Acids. Compounds that produce hydrogen ions, H +, when dissolved in water. HCL H + + Cl - Hydrochloric acid is formed when hydrogen chloride gas is added to water. Naming Acids. Binary Acids

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Acids, Bases and the pH Scale

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  1. Acids, Bases and the pH Scale Grade 9 and 10 Science Mr.MacMillan

  2. Acids • Compounds that produce hydrogen ions, H+, when dissolved in water. • HCL H+ + Cl- • Hydrochloric acid is formed when hydrogen chloride gas is added to water.

  3. Naming Acids • Binary Acids • Composed of hydrogen and a non-metal • HF – hydrofluoric acid • HBr – hydrobromic acid • HI – hydroiodic acid

  4. Oxoacids • Composed of hydrogen, oxygen and another element • H2 SO4 – sulfuric acid • HNO3 - nitric acid • H3 PO4 – phosphoric acid • H2 CO3 – carbonic acid

  5. Bases • Compounds that form hydroxide ions, OH- , when dissolved in water • NaOH Na+ + OH-

  6. Naming Bases • NaOH – Sodium hydroxide • Mg(OH)2 – Magnesium hydroxide • Ca(OH)2 - Calcium hydroxide

  7. The pH Scale • pH Taste Test

  8. Litmus Paper • A pH indicator that changes colour to show the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in a solution

  9. Blue litmus paper turns red in an acidic solution • Red litmus paper turns blue in a basic solution • Neutral – no colour change

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