Transformational Leadership in Nursing – Issues, Perspectives and Application

1. Transformational Leadership in Nursing – Issues, Perspectives and Application Presented by Prof Oluyinka Adejumo, DLitt et Phil, RN, RPN, RNE. Training Specialist in the HRH Rwanda program. New York University’s Rory Meyers College of Nursing School of Nursing & Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali. RWANDA April 23, 2018 At the 1st INTERNATIONAL NURSING LEADERSHIP WORKSHOP/CONFERENCE Held at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos

2. Objectives of this session • Identify the characteristics of the transformational leadership and the transformational leader • Discuss the issues, implications and challenges of transformational leadership in nursing education and practice • Develop strategies towards the application of the transformational leadership style in nursing

3. Why are we getting hinged on Leadership in Nursing? • Why transformational leadership in particular? • Why not transactional leadership? • Why not democratic leadership? • Why not charismatic leadership? • Why not autocratic leadership? • What about laissez-faire leadership? • Is leadership even an issue in nursing? Transformational Leadership Workshop

4. If there is ever a profession like this, can we say it has a leadership crisis? There is a particular professional group that are often said to be: • over managed • But under led • Over worked • But under paid • Malnourished • But look over fed • Short-sighted • With blurred or hidden vision (visionless?)

5. Leadership Crisis? • Expected to think • But rarely able to verbalise • Saving others but often unable to save self • Younger ones are complainants-in-chief • Older ones are tormentors-in-chief • Unable to generate new/novel ideas • Unable to implement new ideas • Forever fighting wars of attrition • Even when battling stagnation

6. Nursing leadership There is a consensus that: “Effective nursing leadership is a means through which the bulk of healthcare delivery and consumer demands can be fulfilled” This assertion also came up in the last nursing conference held in Kigali, Rwanda 2017 on the role of Nursing in the implementation of the SDGs Presentation Title Goes Here

7. What do these people have in common? Bill Gates Steve Jobs

8. Transformational Leaders Mark Zuckerberg Jack Dorsey

9. Transformational Leadership Defined “Transformational leaders are those who stimulate and inspire followers to both achieve extraordinary outcomes and in the process develop their own leadership capacity.”

10. Transformational leaders “Motivate and inspire, they relentlessly create the vision and set strategies for action! Their ultimate gift is not to have followers but to develop many other leaders.”-Dr. Rick Goodman Question: if you claim to be a leader, how many other leaders have you developed in the course of your leadership?

11. A bit of history • Transformational leadership was first defined by Downton (1973) but it was the work of James McGregor Burns (1978) and Bernard Bass (1985) that gave life and elaboration to this most researched theory of leadership in contemporary settings. • Often paired with the concept of transactional leadership • Most studied theory or leadership Presentation Title Goes Here

12. Description A leadership style that creates valuable and positive change in the followers. A transformational leader focuses on transforming others to help each other, to look out for each other, to be encouraging and harmonious, and to look out for the organisation as a whole. In the leadership, the leader enhances the motivation, morale and performance of his followers individually and collectively in a way that make it possible to achieve an extraordinary outcome. Presentation Title Goes Here

13. Description • “Transformational leaders are those who stimulate and inspire followers to both achieve extraordinary outcomes and in the process develop their own leadership capacity.” Presentation Title Goes Here

14. “The single biggest way to impact an organization is to focus on transformational leadership. There is almost no limit to the potential of an organization that recruits good people, raises them up as leaders and continually develops them”-John Maxwell

15. 5 levels to becoming a transformational leader, and the Challenges Presentation Title Goes Here

16. Bass’ Four Components of Transformational Leadership (the 4 “I”s) • Idealized Influence • Intellectual Stimulation • Individualized Consideration • Inspirational Motivation

17. Barnard Bass expanded on Burns TL

18. 5 key practices of a transformational leader • Challenging the process • Inspiring shared vision • Enabling others to act • Modelling the way • Encouraging the heart • - James M Kouzes & Barry Z Posner 3 ways to do things The right way The wrong way Your own way

19. What you will find with TL • Maintains and communicates high expectation for all stakeholders • Actively participates in professional learning opportunities • Daily highly visible presence in the work settings • An active listener and responds to staff needs and concerns • Involve the entire team in fulfilling the organisation’s vision and mission • Share power by distributing leadership • Publicly recognise followers’ achievements • Encourage risk taking and experimentation to advance knowledge and practice

20. Common Traits of Transformational Leaders • They possess a clear vision of their goals and expectations. • They are Energetic, Enthusiastic and Passionate. • They are focused on helping everyone to succeed.

21. Benefits of Transformational Leadership • Higher Levels of Productivity • Increased Employee Satisfaction • Improved Employee Retention • Stronger Trust Based Relationships

22. Four Steps to Becoming a Transformational Leader • Create an inspiring vision. • Motivate people to buy into and deliver the vision. • Manage delivery of the vision. • Build ever stronger trust-based relationships with people.

23. Leadership development From • I can do it • We can do it • They can do it Presentation Title Goes Here

24. Forget being a transformational leader if you cannot be trusted Presentation Title Goes Here

25. Goals of a transformational leader in nursing • Help to create and maintain a collaborative and professional nursing environment and culture • Foster followers growth and development • Encourage and facilitate effective and collective problem solving • Transforming followers into leaders Presentation Title Goes Here

26. Benefits of Transformational Leadership • Higher Levels of Productivity • Increased Employee Satisfaction • Improved Employee Retention • Stronger Trust Based Relationships

27. Points to REMEMBER… • Transformative leadership creates valuable and positive change in followers and organizations. • Leaders transform followers by • Inspiring a Shared Vision • Building Trust • Encouraging the Heart • Activating Higher Order Needs • 4 key characteristics of Transformative Leaders • Honest • Forward-Looking • Competent • Inspiring • Transformative leadership can have significant implications for organizations and staff

28. Leithwood’s 1996 Six Factor Model of Transformational Leadership

29. Remember Bass’s 4 “I”s of transformational leadership • Idealized Influence(serves as a role model) • Inspirational Motivation(provides meaning and challenge to followers; vision/goals) • Intellectual Stimulation(solicits and encourages ideas, challenges assumptions) • Individualized Consideration(coach and mentor followers; personnel growth and development)

30. Thank you for listening & participating