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THE INDEPENDENT THEATRE MOVEMENT

THE INDEPENDENT THEATRE MOVEMENT. Introduction. Innovative plays by realists and naturalists appeared New drama and staging - isolated from each other Censorship for public plays Private “independent” theatres appeared. Andre Antoine (1858-1943). French actor, producer and manager

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THE INDEPENDENT THEATRE MOVEMENT

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  1. THE INDEPENDENT THEATRE MOVEMENT

  2. Introduction • Innovative plays by realists and naturalists appeared • New drama and staging - isolated from each other • Censorship for public plays • Private “independent” theatres appeared

  3. Andre Antoine (1858-1943) • French actor, producer and manager • Founder of the first independent theatre – Theatre Libre • Produced Ibsen’s “Ghosts” and plays by Hauptmann, Strindberg, Bjornsen, Verga, de Curel, Becque, Brieux and Porto-Riche • Revolutionized French acting and founded a new era of scene design

  4. Otto Brahm (1856-1912) • A German literally critic with a marked interest in theatre • Founded the Freie Buhne theatre in 1889 in Berlin • Main purpose- to further the work of new naturalistic playwrights • Its first production was Ibsen’s “Ghosts” • The first German play to be given was

  5. George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) • A gifted writer of comedy, Shaw concentrated on plays of social comment • First play“Widowers’ House” (1892) • Other of his plays: “Arms and the man”, “The Devils’ Disciple”, “Caesar and Cleopatra”, “Man and Superman” • Brought new concepts to the English- speaking stage, especially those of Friedrich Nietzsche and Henri Bergson.

  6. Reference: • THE OXFORD COMPANION TO THE THEATRE • THE HUMAN ART by Sam Simley • THE ENJOYMENT OF THEATRE by K.M. Cameron and P.P. Gillespie

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