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Conditionals

Conditionals. Prof. Cynthia Garcia. Conditional (“If”) Sentences. If sentences are used to discuss things that happen based on the condition that something else happens. There are three main types of if sentences. 3 types of conditionals.

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Conditionals

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  1. Conditionals Prof. Cynthia Garcia

  2. Conditional (“If”) Sentences • If sentences are used to discuss things that happen based on the condition that something else happens. There are three main types of if sentences.

  3. 3 types of conditionals • Use an if sentence in the first conditional to consider real, possible events in the present or future: • If it rains, I'll take an umbrella. • Use an if sentences in the second conditional to speculate about unreal, improbable events in the present moment or future: • If I had a million dollars, I'd buy a big house. • An if sentence in the third conditional concerns imaginary (unreal) outcomes of past events: • If he had spent more time studying, he would have passed the exam.

  4. If Sentence Forms Overview: • If Sentence # 1 = First Conditional • If + S + present simple + objects, S + will + verb + objects -> If the boys finish their homework early, they will play baseball. • If Sentence # 2 = Second Conditional • If + S + past simple + objects, S + would + verb + objects -> If he bought a new car, he would buy a Ford. • If Sentence # 3 = Third Conditional • If + S + past perfect + objects, S + would have + past participle + objects -> If she had seen him, she would have discussed the issues with him.

  5. Match the first part of the sentence on the left with the correct ending on the right. • 1. If I were hungry... • 2. If I were thirsty... • 3. I would go to the dentist... • 4. I would buy a wig... • 5. I would quit my job... • 6. If I saw a bad car accident... • 7. I would move... • 8. If I spoke Spanish... • 9. If I failed the course... • 10. The boss would fire me… • A. if I were bald. • B. if the neighbors were very noisy. • C. I would take it again. • D. if I came to work late again. • E. I would eat something. • F. if I had to work overtime every day. • G. I would move to Mexico. • H. I would make some lemonade. • I. I would call an ambulance. • J. if I had a tooth ache.

  6. Directions: Read the conditional sentences below and answer the questions that follow each one. • Ex. If it weren’t raining, I would go for a long walk. a. Is it raining? Yes. b. Am I going for a long walk? No. • 1. If I knew her well, I would call her. • a. Do I know her well? _____ • b. Am I going to call her? _____ • 2. If he had a university degree, he would apply for the job. • a. Does he have a university degree? _____ • b. Is he going to apply for the job? _____ • c. Does he want to apply for the job? _____

  7. Read the examples below using hope and wish and the first and second condition. • I hope it is sunny tomorrow. If it is sunny, I will go to the beach. • I hope I get the job. If I get the job, we will go to a restaurant and celebrate. • I wish I were ten years younger. If I were younger, I would travel around the world. • I wish I didn’t have to work tonight. If I didn’t have to work, I would go to your party.

  8. Read the examples below using hope and wish and the first and second condition. • 1. I hope I pass the exam. If ______________________ • 2. I hope John comes to the party. If ________________ • 3. I wish I had a dog. If __________________________ • 4. I wish I could speak Spanish fluently. If ____________ • 5. I wish I lived in a bigger apartment. If _____________ • 6. I wish I weren’t so shy. If ______________________ • 7. I hope I win the tennis match tomorrow. If ________ • 8. I wish I could afford to travel. If _________________ • 9. I hope the plane arrives on time. If _______________ • 10. I wish I knew her address. If ___________________

  9. Exercises • 1. I leave on Saturdays • A. if she will come to visit. • B. if she comes to visit. • C. if she won't come to visit. • 2. If he were President, • A. he would help the poor more. • B. he will help the poor more. • C. he would have helped the poor more. • 3. I might have had time • A. if you needed my help. • B. if you had asked me for help. • C. if you ask me for help. • 4. I'm afraid I can't understand you • A. if you speak unclear. • B. unless you speak more clearly. • C. if you don't speak clear.

  10. cont. exercises • 5. If they had had enough good sense, • A. they would move to Santa Monica. • B. they would have moved to Santa Monica. • C. they would had moved to Santa Monica. • 6. She will go crazy • A. if you leaves her. • B. unless she leaves you. • C. if she don't leave you. • 7. She would have gone • A. if she had been in your position. • B. if she were in your position. • C. if she was in your position. • 8. You would certainly have been angry • A. if you discovered what he knew. • B. if you had discovered what he knew. • C. if you had discovered what he had known.

  11. cont. exercises • 9. If this storm gets worse, • A. we will have to go inland. • B. we have to get inland. • C. we must to go inland. • 10. Watch out! If you touch that cable, • A. you will get a shock. • B. you shocked. • C. you had a shock.

  12. TIC- TAC -TOE Game

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