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Circulatory System

Learn about the structure and function of the human circulatory system, including the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. This unit covers blood flow, chamber functions, valve control, lung circulation, and cardiac contractions.

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Circulatory System

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  1. Circulatory System Unit 6

  2. Objectives • Describe the structure and function of the human _________ • Trace the flow of blood through the ______ and _________ • Distinguish between ________, _________ and _____________ in terms of their structure and function. • Distinguish between __________ circulation and ______________ circulation

  3. The Heart • The circulatory system is made up of the _____________system and the lymphatic system. • The cardiovascular system is made up of the _____________, _____________ and ____________________________.

  4. The Heart • The _________ is the central organ of the cardiovascular system.

  5. The Heart • Some of the important parts of the heart include: • ________________ • ________________ • ________________

  6. The Heart: The Septum • Septum: separates the heart _________ into two sides.

  7. The Heart: The Atrium • The Atrium: is the _______chamber of the heart • The Right Atrium: receives ________blood that is __________ to the heart

  8. The Heart: The Ventricle • The Ventricle: is the ___________chamber of the heart • The Right Ventricle: pumps __________ blood ______ of the heart.

  9. The Heart: Valves • The valves are flaps of ________ that control the flow of the _______ • They prevent _________ flow in the _______

  10. Diagram of the Heart

  11. Diagram of the Heart

  12. Circulation of the Heart • Blood flows in the following order • ___________ __________ • ___________ __________ • _______________ _______________ • _____________ (gas exchange) • _______________ ________________ • ______________ • Rest of the __________

  13. Circulation of the Heart: The Right Atrium • Path of blood as it circulates through the heart: • _____________ blood enters the _______ _________ • The right atrium sends ___________ blood into the ____________ _____________

  14. Circulation of the Heart: The Right Ventricle • The muscles of the ________ __________ contract and force blood into the _________________ ___________

  15. Circulation of the Heart: The Lungs • The ___________ artery sends blood to the _________ • In the lungs: • _____________diffuses out of the blood • ___________diffuses in

  16. Circulation of the Heart: The Left Ventricle • The muscular walls of the ________ _________contract and force blood into a large blood vessel, called the ________ • The Aorta: carries blood from the _____ ventricle to the rest of the __________

  17. Flow Chart of Blood Flow

  18. The Heartbeat • The heart contracts its muscle cells in __________ • The first group of heart-muscle _________ • The second group of hear muscles cells ______

  19. Control of the Heartbeat • A heartbeat has _____ phases: • Phase One: _________ • Phase Two: _________

  20. Control of the Heartbeat: Phase One • Phase One, or _________ : occurs when the ventricles ___________. • This then pumps blood _____ of the heart

  21. Control of the Heartbeat: Phase • Phase two , or _________andoccurs when the ventricles ________. This • This allows the _______ pressure of the blood.

  22. Control of the Heartbeat • The contractions in the ______ __________forces blood through the _______ • A series of pressure waves results, called a _________

  23. Blood Vessels • The circulatory system is known as a _________system. • This is because the blood is contained within either the ____________ or __________ __________at all times. • Blood Vessels include: • _______________ • _____________ • ________________

  24. Blood Vessels • The blood vessels that are part of the human circulatory system form a vast network to help keep the blood flowing in _____ direction.

  25. Arteries • The large, muscular vessels that carry blood _______ from the heart and to the body are called _________

  26. Blood Vessels • As the heart moves the blood through the __________, it produces a great force against the inside walls of a blood vessel. This force is known as ______________

  27. Blood Pressure • High blood pressure, or ___________, can place a strain on the walls of the arteries and could cause that artery to __________ or __________

  28. Arteries and Blood Pressure • Blood Pressure is determined by measuring: • _________ pressure • __________pressure • Systolic pressure, measured ______, is the pressure of the blood when the ventricles ___________ • Diastolic pressure, measured _______ indicates the steady flow of blood through the _________

  29. Veins • After cells interact with the blood, the blood goes back to the ________ • Veins: blood vessels that carry blood ______ the heart.

  30. Arteries • Arteries and veins are both made up of _________ layer • Yet, they have different appearances for their differing functions

  31. Capillaries • Capillaries: the __________ of the all the blood vessels, only _______ cell thick, carries blood: • Connecting the ___________ and __________ • The capillaries are a vast network of tiny vessels that allow an exchange between the _________ and the _______ to occur. • The capillaries allow for the exchange of __________ and __________

  32. Blood Vessels Pictures

  33. Cardiovascular System and its Two Subsystems • The heart and blood vessels work together to form a continuous, ________ system of circulation. • This system contains two subsystems: • ___________circulation • ____________circulation.

  34. Pulmonary Circulation • Pulmonary circulation is the circulation of the blood as it travels between the _______ and _________ • Pulmonary circulation brings the _____________blood that comes into the heart to the ________, and returns __________ blood back to the heart for distribution to the _________ • Flow of blood: __________ →______________→____________

  35. Systemic Circulation • Systemic circulation is the circulation of the blood between the heart and all other ________ tissues. • Systemic circulation has several subsystems: • __________ circulation(related to the heart) • __________circulation (related to the liver) • ___________ circulation (related to kidneys)

  36. Circulatory Path: A Review

  37. Circulatory Path: A Review

  38. Blood: Objectives • List the _________ of blood. • Distinguish between ____ blood cells, ______ blood cells, and __________ in terms of their structure and function. • Summarize the process of blood ________ • Explain what determines the compatibility of blood _______ for transfusion.

  39. Composition of Blood • Blood is composed of: • Liquid (____%): _______ • Blood solids (___%): • _______ blood cells • _______blood cells • ________________

  40. Composition of Blood: Plasma • Plasma: is • _______ • ______-colored fluid • ____ percent water • Also includes: • _______________, waste, salts and proteins • Plasma provides cells with nourishment and carries various __________

  41. Red Blood Cells • A red blood cell is: • A _______-shaped cell • has no _________ • Transports __________ to cells in all parts of the body. • Immature red blood cells make large amounts of an iron-containing protein called ____________. • Hemoglobin:the molecule that transports __________

  42. White Blood Cells • White blood cells are cells in the blood that destroy __________, ________, and _________ proteins and helps the body develop _______________.

  43. White Blood Cells • Types of white blood cells: • ________________ • ________________ • Phagocytes: cells that _________ and _________ foreign matter or microorganisms. • Antibodies: are _________ that react to a specific type of _____________ or destroy ______________

  44. Platelets • Platelets: are essential to the formation of a _________ _________ • Blood Clots: are a mass of interwoven ______ and blood cells. • They are essential to ____________ • Platelets: • ________ a nucleus • Not _______ cells • ____________ at the damaged site

  45. Blood Types • ______ blood cells are used to determine a person’s blood type. • The most important human blood types are: • ___ • ____ • ____

  46. Blood Types: The A-B-O System • If blood of a different type is introduced into the body it will be treated as a foreign _________

  47. A-B-O Blood Types

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