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MANAGING DATA RESOURCES

MANAGING DATA RESOURCES. OBJECTIVES. Why do businesses have trouble finding the information they need in their information systems? How does a DBMS improve the organization of business information? What are the managerial requirements of a data-base environment?

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MANAGING DATA RESOURCES

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  1. MANAGING DATA RESOURCES

  2. OBJECTIVES • Why do businesses have trouble finding the information they need in their information systems? • How does a DBMS improve the organization of business information? • What are the managerial requirements of a data-base environment? • What new technologies make databases more accessible and useful?

  3. 7.1 ORGANIZING DATA IN A TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT Bit: Smallest unit of data; binary digit (0,1) Byte: Group of bits that represents a single character Field: Group of related bytes - related words or a complete number Record: Group of related fields File: Group of records of same type Database: Group of related files

  4. 7.1 ORGANIZING DATA IN A TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT File Organization Terms and Concepts

  5. 7.1 ORGANIZING DATA IN A TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT File Organization Terms and Concepts • Entity: Person, place, thing, event about which information is maintained • Attribute: Description of a particular entity • Key Field: Unique identifier field used to retrieve, update, or sort a record

  6. 7.1 ORGANIZING DATA IN A TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT File Organization Terms and Concepts

  7. 7.1 ORGANIZING DATA IN A TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT Problems with the Traditional File Environment • Data redundancy • Program-data dependence • Lack of flexibility • Poor security • Lack of data-sharing and availability

  8. 7.1 ORGANIZING DATA IN A TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT Problems with the Traditional File Environment

  9. OBJECTIVES • Why do businesses have trouble finding the information they need in their information systems? • How does a DBMS improve the organization of business information? • What are the managerial requirements of a data-base environment? • What new technologies make databases more accessible and useful?

  10. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Database Management System (DBMS) • Database • A collection of data organized to service many applications at the same time by storing and managing data so they appear to be at one location

  11. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Database Management System (DBMS) • The Database Management System (DBMS) • Software which creates and maintains databases • Eliminates requirement for data definition statements in Application Programs • Acts as interface between application programs and physical data files • Separates logical and physical views of data

  12. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT

  13. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Database Management System (DBMS) • Components of a Database • Data Definition Language: • Specifies content and structure of database and defines each data element • Data Manipulation Language: • Manipulates data in a database • Data Dictionary: • Stores definitions of data elements, and data characteristics

  14. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Types of Databases • Hierarchical DBMS • Organizes data in a tree-like structure • Prevalent in large legacy systems • Less flexible than RDBMS • Lacks support for English language-like queries • Relational DBMS (RDBMS) • Represents data as 2D tables called ‘relations’ • Relates data across tables based on ‘key’ • Egs: DB2, Oracle, MS SQL Server, MS Access

  15. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Types of Databases

  16. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Types of Databases

  17. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Types of Databases • Three Basic Operations in a Relational DBMS • Select:Creates subset of rows that meet specific criteria • Join:Combines relational tables to provide users with information • Project:Enables users to create new tables containing only relevant information

  18. 7.2 THE DATABASE APPROACH TO DATA MANAGEMENT Types of Databases

  19. OBJECTIVES • Why do businesses have trouble finding the information they need in their information systems? • How does a DBMS improve the organization of business information? • What are the managerial requirements of a data-base environment? • What new technologies make databases more accessible and useful?

  20. 7.3 CREATING A DATABASE ENVIRONMENT Designing Databases • Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram • Methodology for documenting databases illustrating relationships between database entities • Normalization • Process of creating small stable data structures from complex groups of data

  21. 7.3 CREATING A DATABASE ENVIRONMENT Designing Databases

  22. 7.3 CREATING A DATABASE ENVIRONMENT Designing Databases

  23. 7.3 CREATING A DATABASE ENVIRONMENT Designing Databases

  24. OBJECTIVES • Why do businesses have trouble finding the information they need in their information systems? • How does a DBMS improve the organization of business information? • What are the managerial requirements of a data-base environment? • What new technologies make databases more accessible and useful?

  25. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Multidimensional Data Analysis On-line Analytical Processing (OLAP) • Multidimensional data analysis • Supports manipulation and analysis of large volumes of data from multiple dimensions/perspectives

  26. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Multidimensional Data Analysis

  27. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Data Warehouses and Datamining Data Warehouse • Consolidates current and historical data • Supports query tools for management decision making Datamining • Tools for finding hidden patterns and relationships in large pools of data

  28. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Data Warehouses and Datamining

  29. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Data Warehousing and Datamining

  30. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Databases and the Web • The Web and Hypermedia Databases • Organizes data as network of hyperlinks • Database Server runs a DBMS to provide data • Supports text, graphics, sound, video and executable programs

  31. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Databases and the Web

  32. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Databases and the Web

  33. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Databases and the Web

  34. 7.4 DATABASE TRENDS Databases and the Web

  35. MANAGING DATA RESOURCES

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