Neolithic Revolution and Early Civilizations: Key Concepts and Influences

1. Unit Two Review Game

2. Q1 • The Neolithic Revolution is seen as a turning point in human history mainly because • farming led to settled communities • people started using animal skins for clothing • copper was first used to improve stone tools • cave paintings recorded the activities of nomadic groups

3. Q2 • People who move from place to place in search of food can be said to be • Sedentary • Nomadic • Civilized • Barbaric

4. Q3 • One result of the Neolithic Revolution was • A decrease in trade between cultural groups. • A reliance on hunting and gathering for food. • The establishment of villages and the rise of governments. • An increase in the number of nomadic tribes.

5. Q4 • One reason the Euphrates, Indus, Nile, and Tigris river valleys became centers of early civilization is that these river valleys had • Locations in regions of moderate climate and abundant rainfall. • Borders and elevations that were easy to defend. • Rich deposits of coal and iron ore. • The means for irrigation and transportation.

6. Q5 • Which action is most closely associated with the early Mesopotamian civilizations? • building floating gardens to grow corn • establishing representative democracies • developing a writing system using cuneiform • constructing Hindu temples

7. Q6 • Which practice is closely associated with most ancient river valley civilizations? • recording events in cave paintings • using irrigation systems • developing democratic traditions • spreading monotheistic religious customs

8. Q7 • Cultural diffusion is the • Spread of ideas or culture over time, through trade, invasion, and migration. • Dividing up of money. • Long distance trade. • An Egyptian temple dedicated to the sun god.

9. Q8 • The primary reason ancient peoples of the Nile River valley built levees, dikes, and reservoirs was to • purify sacred waters • create a shorter route to distant cities • defend against invaders • increase agricultural production

10. Q9 • Mandate of Heaven, production of silk, and reverence for ancestors are all characteristics associated with civilizations in • India • Greece • China • West Africa

11. Q10 • Why was flooding beneficial to the Egyptians, but harmful to the early Indians? • Floods in Egypt were predictable while the floods in India were unpredictable. • Floods in Egypt were fast while floods in India were slow. • Floods in Egypt were in the summer while floods in India were in the winter. • Floods in both Egypt and India were harmful.

12. Q11 • Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro are important cities along what major river valley? • Yellow River Valley • Nile River Valley • Tigris River Valley • Indus River Valley

13. Q12 • Discovery of streets arranged in a grid-like pattern and a system of pipes for moving water in Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro suggest that these ancient river valley cities in South Asia had • organized governments • subsistence-based economies • polytheistic beliefs • rigid social classes

14. Q13 • All of the following are considered to be common elements of complex societies EXCEPT • An organized government bureaucracy. • A distinct religious structure. • A uniform system of artistic styles, weights and measures. • A location near a major ocean.

15. Q14 • The people of ancient Mesopotamia impacted future civilizations by using writing primarily to • Record business transactions of daily life. • Spread religious concepts throughout the Fertile Crescent. • Record the military achievements of the ruler. • Communicate with neighboring city-states.

16. Q15 • What term describes a religion that believes in many different gods? • Monotheistic • Polytheistic • Multitheistic • Intratheistic

17. Q16 • “If a noble has knocked out the tooth of a noble of his own rank, he shall knock out his tooth.  But if he has knocked out a commoner’s tooth, he shall pay one-third mina of silver.” – Code of Hammurabi • Which principle of Babylonian society does this passage from the Code of Hammurabi illustrate? • All men were equal under the law. • Fines were preferable to corporal (physical) punishment. • Divisions existed between social classes. • Violence was always punished with violence.

18. Q17 • What was special about Egyptian pharaohs compared to kings from other civilizations? • The Egyptians thought of the pharaoh as a god on Earth. • The Egyptians elected their pharaohs. • The Egyptian pharaohs were the only kings to ride in chariots. • The Egyptian pharaohs were very wealthy.

19. Q18 • What major building project was begun under the Qin dynasty in China to protect them from nomadic raiders in the north? • The Great Pyramids at Giza • The Hanging Gardens of Babylon • The Colossus of Rhodes • The Great Wall

20. Q19 • A ZIGGURAT is an important religious building in what river valley civilization? • Egypt • Mesopotamia • China • India

21. Q20 • Which is a major characteristic of Judaism? • Belief in a single just and all-powerful God • Praying five times a day • Following the Eightfold Path • Worshipping many gods

22. Q21 • The use of metal tools marked the end of the Neolithic Age and a • Beginning of the Metal Age. • Movement away from agriculture. • Complete abandonment of other tools. • New level of human control over the environment and its resources.

23. Q22 • Religion provided the Egyptians with a sense of security, and Egyptian rulers were viewed as • Manifestations of the land god. • Earthly forms of the sun god Re. • Disruptions in the universal cosmic order. • The sole gods to be worshipped in Egyptian society.

24. Q23 • The duty of members of a family to subordinate their needs to those of the male head of the family is known as • Pictographs. • Zhou. • Filial piety. • Bureaucracy.