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Genanvendelse af kritiske metaller i elskrot (WEEE) i EU

Genanvendelse af kritiske metaller i elskrot (WEEE) i EU. Kemiens dag 16.November 2011. Christian Fischer. Lack of access to critical metals- a threat and a challenge for the EU?. Limited access to critical metals is expected to limit future economic and technological development

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Genanvendelse af kritiske metaller i elskrot (WEEE) i EU

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  1. Genanvendelse af kritiske metaller i elskrot (WEEE) i EU Kemiens dag 16.November 2011 Christian Fischer

  2. Lack of access to critical metals- a threat and a challenge for the EU? • Limited access to critical metals is expected to limit future economic and technological development • Some metals are critical for emerging technologies such as renewable energy systems (solar energy, windmills etc) • Recycling of critical metals, if promoted, can be an important supply for Europe • Recycling as a substantial part of a green(er) economy –job creation 2

  3. Value of EU internal and overseas trade in recyclables, 2000–2010 Value of EU internal and overseas trade in recyclables, 2000–2010 3

  4. Value of EU internal and overseas trade in recyclables, 2000–2010 4

  5. Global demand for critical metals 5 Source: based on ISI/IZT (2009) and Elsner et al. (2010).

  6. EEA project- Critical metals in WEEE • This project focuses on 13 critical metals in EEE, • Critical metals are defined based on the security of supply and the demand for each metal, • In which components and products do we particularly find the critical metals? • What is the potential amount of the 13 critical metals which could be recycled from these waste products 2011-2025? • What are in fact the current losses? • What can we do to improve the recycling 6

  7. The selected metals and products • Metals: Coltan, Indium, Lithium, Silver, Tantalum, Tellurium, Tungsten, Beryllium, Gallium, Germanium, Gold, Palladium, Ruthenium • Products: • Mobile phones  • PCs  DesktopLaptop/ Netbook/ Tablet • Flatscreen image displays LCD TVLCD MonitorPlasma TV • Thin film solar power converter Cadmiumtelluride (CdTe) Copper-Indium-Selenide (CIS)Copper-Indium-Gallium-Diselenide (CIGS)Amorphous (non-crystalline) silicon • Thick film solar power converter Monocrystaline siliconPolycrystaline silicon • Rechargeable batteries  7

  8. Challenges in the project • Very difficult to get information about: • Sales volume, • Specific content of critical metals in the selected products, • Where in the products it is located, • The producers of components and products do not have or are not willing to share this information • The project will be finalised in March 2012 8

  9. Weight and value – Plasma TV Plasma TV Weight Value • Silver 450mg $0.06 • Gold 30mg $0.17 • Copper 350.45g $4.91 • Aluminium 255.3g $0.74 • Tin 31.318g $0.09 • Palladium 21mg $0.06 $5.97 Source. Bill Skeates, DIGITAL EUROPE 9

  10. Total WEEE for the EU • Generation: 7-8 million tonnes in 2008 (estimate) • Collection: 3.1 million tonnes in 2008 • Treated: 2.6 million tonnes in 2008 • Collection/treatment rate: Maximum 40% ! • Export of WEEE out of EU disguised as old products: 0.3-0.5 million tonnes • EEE put on the market in 2008 = 10 mill. tonnes 10

  11. 3 weaknesses in existing recycling of WEEE and critical metals • The rate of collected WEEE in the EU is insufficient, • Too much WEEE is exported as used products out of the EU, • The efficiency of the recycling process (dismantling, pre-processing, end-processing) is too low for critical metals. 11

  12. Det svageste led i kæden bestemmer den totale effektivitet Eksempel 35% x 45% x 30% x 95% = 4% Manual treatment in the dismantling and pre-processing secures better results but is more expensive 12

  13. Possible initiatives • Improve the design of EEE, • Easier to re-use components • Easier to dismantle and pre-process components, • Eco Design Directive is to be reviewed in 2012 • Standards for recycling of WEEE including critical metals, • Better labelling about amount of critical metals and in which components, • New recycling technologies -dismantling and pre-processing, • The Commission’s Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe, • More focus on qualitative targets instead of quantitative 13

  14. Thank you for your attention For more information please visit our website: http://scp.eionet.europa.eu/ 14

  15. Critical metals in Electronics Source. Bill Skeates, DIGITAL EUROPE 15

  16. Correlation between the consumption of a resource and the recycling of the corresponding waste stream– Current consumption is 100% 16

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