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15.4 Aggressors Invade Nations

15.4 Aggressors Invade Nations. Ms. Bielefeld Spring 2012. What’s going on in this political cartoon?. Japanese Aggression. Japan seeks to solve its economic problem through foreign expansion Takes over Manchuria, China in 1931 Manchuria rich in iron and coal

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15.4 Aggressors Invade Nations

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  1. 15.4 Aggressors Invade Nations Ms. Bielefeld Spring 2012

  2. What’s going on in this political cartoon?

  3. Japanese Aggression • Japan seeks to solve its economic problem through foreign expansion • Takes over Manchuria, China in 1931 • Manchuria rich in iron and coal • League of Nations protests & Japan withdraws from the League • Japan invades the rest of China in 1937 • Beijing & Nanjing captured • Japanese troops killed tens of thousands of soldiers & civilians in Nanjing • Chinese troops led by Mao Zedong continue to fight the Japanese

  4. Italian Aggression • Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, one of Africa’s 3 independent nations in 1935 • Ethiopian emperor, HaileSalassie, appealed to the League of Nations • League condemned the attack, but did nothing. • Britain controlled the Suez Canal, but let Italy through in order to keep the peace

  5. Civil War in Spain • Spain was a monarchy until 1931, then a republic • Spanish army leaders want fascist-style government • General Francisco Franco leads a rebellion in 1936 • Received aid from Hitler and Mussolini • Won the war in 1939—becomes Spain’s Fascist dictator

  6. German Aggression • Hitler begins a series of steps that would lead to war • built German military against Treaty of Versailles • Entered the Rhineland (buffer zone between Germany and France) • Britain & France choose appeasement—giving in to demands to keep peace • Strengthened Hitler’s power and prestige • Forms alliance with Italy and Japan • Axis Powers—Germany, Italy, Japan

  7. German Expansion

  8. Who were the Axis Powers?

  9. Why Appeasement? • Many nations didn’t want another World War • Many thought Communism was a bigger threat • Great Depression “sapped” energy of western democracies

  10. German Third Reich Expands • Hitler annexed Austria (1938) and Sudetenland, but Czechs ask France for help • Munich Conference (Sept. 29, 1938) • Meeting of Germany, France, Britain, and Italy • Hitler could take Sudetenland, but had to respect Czech. New borders • Less than 6 months later, Hitler took Czechoslovakia • Soon after, Mussolini seized Albania

  11. United States Stays Out! • Isolationist Policy—avoid political ties to other countries • Beginning in 1935, Congress passed three Neutrality Acts • Banned loans and the sale of arms to nations at war

  12. Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact • France and Britain asked USSR to help them stop Hitler • USSR talked with all three countries • Hitler and Stalin agree not to fight each other and to split up Poland

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