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Ch. 18 Sec. 2

Ch. 18 Sec. 2 . Mrs. Manley . Ranchers and Farmers. Open Range- land that wasn’t fenced or divided into lots Brand- a symbol burned into the hide of cattle by ranchers to mark them Cow towns- towns located near railroads to market & ship cattle

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Ch. 18 Sec. 2

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  1. Ch. 18 Sec. 2 Mrs. Manley

  2. Ranchers and Farmers • Open Range- land that wasn’t fenced or divided into lots • Brand- a symbol burned into the hide of cattle by ranchers to mark them • Cow towns- towns located near railroads to market & ship cattle • Long Drive- herding cattle 1,000 miles or more to meet the railroads

  3. Ranchers & Farmers • Vaqueros- Hispanic cowhands developed many riding, roping, and branding skills • Chaps- leather leggings • Lariat- lasso to catch stray cattle • Stampede- a danger of trail life; thousands of cattle run in panic • Cattle Kingdom Ends- cattle prices drop; overgrazing, too much beef on market

  4. Farmers settle the Plains; They are called sodbusters! • The Homestead Act- 1862 Congress gives 160 acres of land for FREE! They had to live on it for 5 years and farm it! Then it was theirs. • Homesteaders- immigrants, African Americans, Irish, etc… • Exodusters- African Americans escaping slavery in South to start a new life

  5. Problems faced by farmers • Drought • Floods • Crops destroyed by insects! • Fire • Harsh Winters Sodbusters- farmers in the Plains and new farming methods; in dry ground- dry farming- plant deep

  6. Lots of new inventions • Barbed wire • Windmills- pump water • Oklahoma Land Rush – Sooners- if you got their soonest you won land. Boomers= homesteaders. • Suffering b/c of lost land = Native Americans!

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