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The Essentials

Language Arts. The Essentials. The Essentials. Multiple Choice Tests: Strategies for Success. Multiple Choice Tests. Eliminate incorrect answers first. Cross them out! Words such as always, none, never, every, and only are often incorrect .

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The Essentials

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  1. Language Arts The Essentials

  2. The Essentials Multiple Choice Tests: Strategies for Success

  3. Multiple Choice Tests • Eliminate incorrect answers first. Cross them out! • Words such as always, none, never, every, and only are often incorrect. • “All of the Above” is often correct, whereas “None of the Above” is often incorrect. • Ignore patterns to your answers. • Take a guess, if needed. Why wouldn’t you? • More often than not, the correct answer is B or C. • If possible, verify your answer with the text.

  4. The Essentials Reading: Strategies for Success

  5. Reading Strategies • Selectively annotate as you read, marking important concepts: • Explanations • Events • Dates or People • Do NOT over annotate. • If you highlight, only highlight key words and important info. Not the whole page!

  6. Reading Strategies • Read, and think about, the title and subheadings. • Examine graphs, maps, charts, and their captions on the page. • Notice words that are bold or emphasized.

  7. The Essentials Grammar

  8. Grammar Essentials: Caps • Capitalize proper nouns • Please stop kicking Susan under the table. • Susan was expelled from Seneca Middle School. • My dog, Rover, ate Susan’s left hand.

  9. Grammar Essentials: End Punctuation • A sentence always has an end punctuation mark! • I hate marshmallows! • Did you hear me? • I try to ignore Susan. • Open the window.

  10. Grammar Essentials: Commas • For lists: Susan ate cake, pizza, and pretzels. • In compound sentences: I like music, but I don’t like to sing. (independent clause, (conjunction) independent clause) • Conjunctions: FANBOYS…for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so • Listen for them; a short pause. • When in doubt, don’t use them.

  11. Grammar Essentials: Apostrophes • Used with contractions, including: • Could’ve (could+have)…could’ve, NOT could of • Can’t (can+not) • Don’t (do+not) • Shouldn’t (should+not) • Wouldn’t (would+not) • Won’t (will+not) • Might’ve (might+have)

  12. Grammar Essentials: Apostrophes • Used to show possession • My dog’s collars. (One dog, many collars) • The dogs’ collars. (Many dogs, many collars)

  13. Grammar Essentials: Homonyms • Homonyms to watch out for: • you’re / your • its / it’s • than / then • there / their / they’re • are / our • to / too / two You’re not about to eat your cookie now, are you? It’s important to read that list and memorize its contents. If she’s colder than you, then give her a sweater. Don’t sit there. that’s their seat and they’re expecting it to be available. We are not without our cell phones today! We need to get a table for two, too.

  14. The Essentials WRITING: THE WRITING PROCESS

  15. The Writing Process

  16. The Writing Process • Pre-write • Write • Revise • Edit • Publish

  17. Pre-write • Brainstorming • Webbing • Outlining • Drawing • Highlighting • Note-taking • Walking • Daydreaming • Gleaning • Listing • Trigger Words • Discussing

  18. Write • Write without hesitation • Ignore spelling and grammar errors • Get all thoughts down • Keep everything!

  19. Revise • Add/Adjust sensory detail • Add/Delete Sentences • Look for or answer 5W+H questions • Eliminate or add paragraphs • Rearrange paragraphs • Examine writing for clarity, unity, coherence

  20. Edit • Look for errors in writing: • Spelling • Grammar • Punctuation • Word choice (better, more accurate word?) • Peer editing/conferencing • Computer editing

  21. Publish • Final draft • Typed or pen • Bound—if multiple pages • Publishing elements: • Cover page • Table of contents • Index • Pictures • Pages numbered

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