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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL

Explore FDR's New Deal policies, from the banking concerns to the creation of social security, and their impact on the Great Depression. Learn about the phases of the New Deal, its successes and failures, and its legacy.

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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL

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  1. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • New Deal • Election of 1932 • New President New Ideas

  2. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • PHASE ONE • First 100 days • Depression hit hard

  3. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • March 1933 and June 1933 • Legislation • 3 basic categories of Legislation

  4. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Relief • Recovery • Reform

  5. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • RELIEF • Banking concerns • Run on banks contributed to depression

  6. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • First order of business • “Bank holiday” closed all banks • Federal inspectors examined all banks

  7. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Those deemed solvent reopened • Two thirds reopened • Restored confidence in banking industry

  8. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Glass-Stegal banking act • Established Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) • Insured accounts up to 2,500 dollars

  9. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) • Loans to states to create programs to reduce unemployment

  10. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Civilian Conservation Corp • Civil Works Administration

  11. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Civilian Conservation Corps • (CCC) 1933 put young men to work

  12. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Ages between 18-28 • Forest and parks • Popular of all New Deal • Temporary employment about 1 year • Lasted until 1934

  13. Franklin D. Roosevelt • Civil Works Administration (CWA) • Temporary program • Get people back to work • Winter 1934

  14. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • 4 million had government jobs • Make busy work • Severe criticism

  15. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • RECOVERY • Agriculture Adjustment • Act

  16. Franklin D. Roosevelt • Increase farm income by reducing crop growing • Paid farmers not to grow crops • Tax on food processors paid the shortfall

  17. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • By 1935 farm income raised by 50 percent • However some small and tenant farmers were forced off land

  18. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • National Recovery Act (NRA) • “codes of fair competition” • Minimum wage • Maximum hours • Price fixing controls • Collective bargaining

  19. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Created Public Works Administration (PWA) • Building projects including dams and buildings • Not as successful business did not trust government

  20. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • NRA collapsed before it was deemed unconstitutional by Supreme Court

  21. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • REFORM • TVA • Tennessee Valley Authority • Developed area that was eroded

  22. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Over cut forests led to uncontrollable flooding of Tennessee River

  23. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Rural area void of electricity • Series of dams and locks • Made river navigable • Generated electricity for entire rural region

  24. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Greatly improved standard of living • Conflict between large utilities and government • Ashwander v. TVA (1936)

  25. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Supreme Court ruled in favor of government because land to develop TVA was acquired legally

  26. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • SEC (Security and Exchange Commission) • Regulated stock market • Took nation off gold standard

  27. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Dollar would compete with other currency

  28. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Second New Deal • Relief and Recovery

  29. Federal Arts Project • First time gave aid to artists • Money for concerts to small towns

  30. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Rural Electrification Administration • Cooperatives to build electric transmission plants

  31. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • National Labor Relations Act creation of NLRB • Allowed to workers to elect • Which union they wanted to join

  32. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • No discrimination if they joined a union

  33. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Social Security Act • Pension supported by taxes for elderly • Small pension for elderly • Unemployment compensation

  34. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Support for survivors • Health insurance • Health insurance was dropped in a compromise

  35. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Banking Act of 1935 • Increased the power of the Federal Reserve Board • Federal Housing Authority • FHA

  36. Franklin D. Roosevelt • Home loans at discounted rates • Increased home ownership to low and middle class

  37. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Republicans gained seats in election of 1934 and 1938 • Challenged New Deal • Took many to Supreme Court

  38. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • New Deal programs were deemed unconstitutional • Too Much Power to President • Too Much Federal power

  39. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Roosevelt upset with Court

  40. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • 1938 Roosevelt suggested to add 4 judges to court and replace all over 70

  41. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • This would have swayed the court • “Court Packing” • Proofed to be a mistake for Roosevelt

  42. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Failed however several judges retired allowing Roosevelt to appoint new judges • He got what he wanted

  43. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • Legacy of the New Deal • 1. Extension of Federal Power • 2. Extension of the Power of the President

  44. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • 3. Deficit Spending • 4. Federal Social Programs

  45. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • 5. Greater Concern for Labor and Workers • 6. Conservation Gains • 7. Renewal of the faith in Democracy

  46. FDR AND THE NEW DEAL • New Deal will influence lives to the present • Trouble on the Horizon

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