The French and Indian War

The French and Indian War

The French and Indian War was not a war between the ____________________. French and Indians It was part of a larger war between __________________,who had been enemies for centuries. Britain and France

Reasons for the war: • The French claimed the land in the Ohio River Valley, the Mississippi River Valley, and the Great Lakes Region.

trapping animals and selling their furs. • French fur traders made their living ________________________________.

Ohio River Valley • British fur traders began moving into the ___________________, and British land companies were planning to ______________________ there. settle colonists forts • The French built ________ to protect their land claims. • The colony of Virginia sent a small group of soldiers led by a 21-year-old ______________________to tell the French to leave. George Washington

Young Major George Washington leads a small force into Ohio in 1754.

seized it • The British starting building a fort, but the French and their Native American allies ____________ and made it a French fort called __________________. Fort Duquesne • The British, with George Washington and his men, built a new fort, called ________________. The French attacked the fort, and Washington ___________________. Fort Necessity surrendered HELP!

War officially declared in 1756 Benjamin Franklin • ________________ suggested that the colonies band together for defense. His ____________________ was the first formal proposal to unite the colonies. Albany Plan of Union

Colonial legislatures • _________________ defeated Franklin’s plan because they did not want to give up control of their own affairs.

England France Allies Iroquois Algonquins, Hurons, Ottowas Colonial Population 1,000,000 70,000 Colonial Towns, trade, farms Fur trading, missionary Activities priests

In September 1759, British General James Wolfe leads a surprise attack on ___________ • British victory at Fort Niagara cut off the French frontier forts • Leads England to eventual victory in the war Quebec

Treaty of Paris of 1763 • The ___________________ ended the French and Indian War. • Britain claimed all ofNorth America east of the ___________________. Mississippi River • France gave ______________________ to Spain. New Orleans and Louisiana • Britain gained ______________. Florida • The treaty ended ________________ in North America. French power

Before the Treaty of Paris, 1763 After the Treaty of Paris, 1763

French forts give supplies • The British took over ___________ in North America, but refused to ____________ to the Native Americans. • Native Americans attacked British forts in a revolt called __________________. British officers invited the war leaders to talk and gave them _________________________ as gifts, leading to a deadly outbreak. Pontiac’s rebellion smallpox-infected blankets

protect Western lands • The British government realized that it would be difficult to _________________. They issued the ____________________, which said that colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. Proclamation of 1763

Money – Fur Trade Power – foot hold on Ohio River Valley to take over North America Rivers – access to more of American through transportation from river, Great Lakes Power – more land in America = more power in Europe George Washington becomes influential figure Colonists learn guerrilla warfare from Indians English gain land and gain power French decrease land and lose power Spanish increase land and increase power Ben Franklin becomes well known because of desire to unite the colonies under the Albany Plan of Union English take on HUGE war debt ($150,000,000) Causes and Effects of the French and Indian War Effects Causes

EXIT TICKET On your post-it note answer the following: How would you pay back this huge war debt? How do you think the colonist felt about the Proclamation of 1763?

The French and Indian War