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WORKING IN A BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET

WORKING IN A BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET. BTO Biological Services Ltd. Risk Group Definitions. Risk Group 1 Low individual and community risk e.g., E.coli K12, Lactobacilli,

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WORKING IN A BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET

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  1. WORKING IN A BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET BTO Biological Services Ltd.

  2. Risk Group Definitions • Risk Group 1Low individual and community riske.g., E.coli K12, Lactobacilli, • Risk Group 2Moderate individual risk, low community riske.g., Staphylococcal species, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella species, Salmonella species • Risk Group 3High individual risk, low community riskM. tuberculosis, C.burnetii, • Risk Group 4High individual risk, high community riske.g., Ebola virus

  3. Biological Agent • Biological agents include but are not limited to:Bacteria ParasitesFungi Viral vectorsViruses Recombinant productsRickettsiae PrionsCultured human or animal cellsand the potentially infectious agents they might contain

  4. Biohazard • A biohazard is a biological agent or a biological material that is potentially hazardous to a life form • The manipulation of a biological agent or biological material so that the capacity or potential to produce infection or disease in a living form is present

  5. Aerosols • DefinitionAn aerosol is a liquid or particulate suspended in a gaseous medium • Size range is from 0.01 microns – 100 microns • Health relevant fractions of aerosolsinhalable 0.01-100 micronsnasopharyngeal deposition 25-100 micronstracheobronchial deposition 5-25 micronsalveolar deposition 0.01-5 microns

  6. Route of Transmission & Entry • Inhalation • Ingestion • Inoculation • Direct or indirect contact

  7. Biological Safety Cabinets • Bad terminology Laminar flow cabinets Tissue culture cabinets Sterile benches • Good terminology Biological Safety cabinets Biosafety cabinets • In general, BSC’s are classified according to the method by which air volumes are recirculated or exhausted.

  8. Air Cleaning Device • The primary air cleaning device in biological safety cabinets is a HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate in Air) • HEPA filters do not provide protection against volatiles gases or vapours – only particulates

  9. Filter Efficiency • HEPAA minimum efficiency of capture is 99.97% for 0.3 micronsAny particulate bigger or smaller than 0.3 microns is captured more efficiently than 99.97%

  10. Biosafety cabinet review • When do you work in a Class II BSC? • When there is potential to create aerosols • When you need to protect yourself, the product and the environment

  11. Types of BSC’s • Class IProtects the environment and the user – does not protect the productIt is a partial containment device and is suitable for work involving low to moderate risk agents (containment levels 1, 2 and 3) User and environmental protection is made possible by constant unidirectional movement of air into the cabinet, away from the user through HEPA filtration before re-entry into the environment. The product is not protected

  12. Types of BSC’s • Class IIThe Class II biological safety cabinet has three key features:(i) A front access opening with carefully maintained inward airflow.(ii) HEPA-filtered, vertical, unidirectional airflow within the work area. (iii) HEPA-filtered exhaust air to the room or exhaust to a facility exhaust system.

  13. Subtypes of Class II BSC’s • Class IIA1 predominant cabinet protects the product user and environment • Class IIA2protects the product user and environment • Class IIB1protects the product, user and environment can be used with small amounts of volatiles and gases • Class IIB2 protects the product, user and environment

  14. Class IIA BSC’s

  15. Class IIA BSC’s

  16. Class IIA BSC’s • Air curtain between sash and work surface is critical to containment

  17. Working in a Class IIA BSC • Whenever there is potential for aerosol generation you must work in a BSCe.g., manipulating human or animal tissues or fluids; opening a closed centrifuge cupafter centrifugation, taking spent media off Tissue culture. • You need to employ good techniquee.g., employ good start up procedures; disinfect everything you need to work with into the BSC prior to commencing work; do not block the grilles; be seated at the right height; ensure that nothing you need to use is outside the cabinet --------

  18. Working in a Class IIA1 BSC • Place everything you need to work with inside the cabinet • Purge to establish airflow • Separate clean items from dirty items • Don’t pass dirty items over clean ones • Do not block the front intake grille • Work on plastic backed absorbent material – for quick clean ups

  19. Fire in BSC

  20. UV Radiation • UV germicidal lamps produce UV light at 253.7 nm wavelength (40 Wcm-2) - this has limited penetrating power • The intensity or destructive capability of UV decreases by the square of the distance from the lamp • Exposure time is always related to distance • The intensity of the lamp also decreases with time

  21. UV Radiation • The intensity of the lamp is drastically affected by the accumulation of dust and dirt on it • UV lights should never be on while someone is working in the cabinet • UV lights should not be left on while anyone is in the area and likely to be exposed to reflected UV radiation

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