1 / 64

Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Geography of India. The people 1) lived in a land of 2) extremes . The 3) terrain was varied and often presented great 4) challenges Extremes of weather were part of life for this civilization: 5) Droughts 6) Monsoons. Geography of India.

cybele
Download Presentation

Chapter 5

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 5

  2. Geography of India • The people 1)lived in a land of 2)extremes. • The 3)terrain was varied and often presented great 4)challenges • Extremes of weather were part of life for this civilization: • 5)Droughts • 6)Monsoons

  3. Geography of India • The great civilizations developed and flourished among: • 7)Rivers • 8)Mountains • 9)Plains • 10)Deserts • Brainpop-Everest

  4. Geography of India • Many 11)rivers flowed through the region making the land 12)fertile • One of the 13)main rivers was the 14)Indus river in the north-west • It was on the banks of the Indus river that the 15)civilizations grew

  5. Geography of India • These people used: • 16)Writing • 17)Large building construction • 18)Organized cities • They would flourish for nearly 19)one thousand years.

  6. Harappan Civilization • It is also known as the 20)Indus Valley Civilization • The two greatest cities: • 21)Mohenjo-daro • 22)Harappa • They emerged around 23)2600 BC • They settled along the Indus River 24)valley

  7. Harappan Culture and Economy • This civilization was mainly an 25)urban culture sustained by: • Surplus agriculture production • 26)Trade • The cities were made up of 27)single family living • Fortified administrative or 28)religious centers

  8. Harappan Achievements • Houses had 29)bathrooms with indoor plumbing • Developed a system of weights and 30)measures • They developed the first 31)writing system in India • They made: • 32)Excellent pottery • 33)Jewelry • 34)Ivory objects • 35)Cotton clothing

  9. End of the Harappans’ • By early in 36)1700 BC the civilization ended • Most 37)historians believe the end was caused by one of the following reasons: • 38)Natural disasters • 39)Invaders destroyed the cities

  10. Mind Map • Your Topic is Harappan Civilization • Fill in all your bubbles • Use 4 or less words or a picture

  11. Rise of the Aryans’ • Invaders from Central 40)Asia • Took 41)control of the Indus Valley • These people were skilled 42)warriors • The word Aryan means “43)noble”

  12. Aryans • Most of what we know about them comes from 44)religious writing known as 45)Vedas • They had no single ruling 46)authority • Each 47)group had its own leader • Their 48)villages were governed by a 49)Raja

  13. Aryan Caste System • The Aryans divided their 50)society into separate castes. • 51)Castes were unchanging groups. • A person 52)born into one caste never 53)changed castes or 54)mixed with members of other castes.

  14. Aryan Caste System • Caste members: • 55)Lived • 56)Ate • 57)Married • 58)Worked • With their own group.

  15. Aryan Caste System • At the 59)top of the caste system were the Brahmin – • 60)Priests • 61)Teachers • 62)Judges • The Kshatriya • 63)Warrior caste

  16. Aryan Caste System • The Vaishya caste– • 64)Farmers • 65)Merchants • Sudras, were: • 66)Craft workers • 67)Laborers

  17. Aryan Caste System • The untouchables were the 68)outcasts • These people were so 69)low they lived 70)outside of the caste system

  18. Aryan Caste System • Their jobs or habits involved “71)polluting activities” including: • 72)Fishing • 73)Butchers • 74)People who ate meat • Any other job that required you to work with dead 75)animals.

  19. Aryan Caste System • Outcastes were often forbidden to enter: • 76)Temples • 77)Schools • 78)Water wells used by other caste groups • The sight of untouchables was thought to be 79)polluting

  20. Aryan Caste System • They were forced to 80)sleep during the day and 81)work at night • Many left their rigid 82)social structure by converting: • 83)Islam • 84)Buddhism • 85)Christianity

  21. Aryan Language • The 86)language of the people was known as 87)Sanskrit • Many of the South 88)Asian languages are 89)rooted in Sanskrit

  22. Mind Map • Your Topic is Aryan • Fill in all your bubbles • Use 4 or less words or a picture

  23. Hinduism • This religion believes in many 90)gods (polytheism) • There are three major gods: • 91)Brahma the creator • 92)Siva the destroyer • 93)Vishnu the Preserver • All three are part of the universal spirit of 94)Brahman

  24. Hinduism • Both men and 95)women could gain salvation • Hinduism also taught that women were 96)inferior to men • Women were not allowed to read the 97)sacred texts

  25. Reincarnation • The soul is called the 98)Atman • This holds the 99)personality of a person • The main 100)goal of reincarnation is to be reunited with 101)Brahman

  26. Reincarnation • You live through several 102)lifetimes • You are trying to see through the 103)Illusions of the world • Once you 104)succeed you will stay with Brahma

  27. Karma • This is the effects that 105)good and bad actions have on a person’s 106)soul • Evil actions build 107)bad karma • A person with bad karma is reincarnated into a 108)lower caste or lower life form

  28. Karma • 109)Good actions build good karma • These people are born again into a 110)higher caste in their next life • Good karma brings 111)salvation known as 112)moksha

  29. Mind Map • Your Topic is Hinduism • Fill in all your bubbles • Use 4 or less words or a picture

  30. Jainism • A religion based on the teaching of 113)Mahavira • They try to live by four principles: • 114)Injure no life • 115)Tell the truth • 116)Do not steal • 117)Own no property

  31. Jainism • They believed that 118)everything is alive and part of the cycle of 119)rebirth • They are 120)vegetarians

  32. Buddhism • In the late 121)500s BC a young Indian prince named 122)Siddhartha Gautama • He attracted many 123)dissatisfied followers of 124)Hinduism.

  33. Buddhism • He looked around his 125)world and saw how hard other 126)people had to work and how much they 127)suffered.

  34. Buddhism • He began to ask 128)questions about the meaning of 129)life. • When he reached the age of 130)30 he left home to look for 131)answers.

  35. Buddhism • His 132)journey took him to many regions in 133)India. • He spoke with 134)priests and people of wisdom on his 135)travels.

  36. Buddhism • He wanted to free his 136)mind from daily concerns. • He started 137)fasting (going without food) • Devoted time to 138)meditation (focusing the mind on spiritual ideas)

  37. Buddhism • Its 139)believed that he spent 6 years 140)wandering India. • He came to a city on the Ganges River named 141)Gaya

  38. Buddhism • He sat under a 142)tree and meditated. • After 7 143)weeks he realized why humans 144)suffer.

  39. Buddhism • First 145)wanting what we like but do not have. • Wanting to 146)keep what we like and 147)already have. • 148)Not wanting what we dislike but have.

  40. Buddhism • He spent another 7 149)weeks under the tree meditating. • Today the name is known as the 150)Tree of Wisdom

  41. Buddhism • He was almost 151)35 years old when he became 152)enlightened. • From this point he would be known as 153)Buddha

  42. Buddhism • Buddha traveled across 154)northern India teaching people his 155)ideas. • He shared with the people the 156)Four Noble Truths

  43. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism • First Truth—157)Suffering and unhappiness are part of life. No one can 158)escape sorrow. • Second Truth—Suffering comes from our 159)desires for pleasure and material 160)goods.

  44. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism • Third Truth—People can 161)overcome desire and ignorance and reach 162)nirvana (a state of perfect peace) • Fourth Truth—People can overcome 163)ignorance and desire by following 164)The Eightfold Path

  45. The Spread of Buddhism • After the 165)death of Buddha in 483 BC his followers 166)spread his ideas throughout India and later into parts of 167)Asia • 168)Missionaries would reach regions in: • 168)Syria • 169)Egypt

  46. The Spread of Buddhism • It would spread along the 170)Silk road and reach areas in: • 171)China • 172)Korea • 173)Japan

  47. Mind Map • Your Topic is Buddhism • Fill in all your bubbles • Use 4 or less words or a picture

  48. Mauryan Empire (321 to 185 BC) • This Empire lasted for around 174)150 years. • The military leader 175)Candragupta Mauryaseized control of northern India. • He established the new capital at 176)Patna

  49. Mauryan Empire (321 to 185 BC) • He 177)unified the subcontinent for the first time and 178)contributed to the spread of 179)Buddhism.

  50. Mauryan Empire (321 to 185 BC) • The empire included: • 180)Spies • 181)Large Army • 182)War Elephants • 183)Chariots • Citizens were required to pay 184)taxes to receive governmental 185)protection.

More Related