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Pharmaceutics department

Pharmaceutics department. PRELAB 2. Preparations Effervescent solutions: 1)Potion Reviere 2)Magnesium citrate. Problems Common system. The common system. p. 8. 1.Apothecaries. “ Compounding prescriptions ”. 6 units. “ a.Fluid measure”. X 4. X 2. X 16. X 8. X 60.

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Pharmaceutics department

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  1. Pharmaceutics department

  2. PRELAB 2 PreparationsEffervescent solutions:1)Potion Reviere 2)Magnesium citrate Problems Common system

  3. The common system p. 8

  4. 1.Apothecaries “Compoundingprescriptions” 6 units “a.Fluidmeasure” X 4 X 2 X 16 X8 X 60

  5. 1.Apothecaries “b.measureof weight” 5 units X 12 X 8 X 3 X 20

  6. 3 gr. 1/2 gr. 1 gr. 2 gr. 4 gr. 5 gr. ℥ ii Set of Apothecaries weight: 960 480 240 • ℥i • ℥ss 120 60 30 ʒ ii ʒ i ʒ ss 40 20 10 ℈ ss ℈ i ℈ ii

  7. Q. Change 165 grains to weighable Apothecaries unit. 120 30 10 5 ʒii, ʒss, эss, 5 gr.

  8. Avoir du pois “measure of weight” 3 units X 16 X 437.5 “Commercial uses”

  9. Simple quantity: 181 cm Compound quantity: 1 m,81 cm Before a compound quantity can be used in a calculation, it must be simplified to be expressed in terms of a single denomination.

  10. Q. Reduce ℥ssʒii ℈i to grains. • ℥ss = 1/2 x 480 gr. = 240 gr. • ℨii = 2 x 60 gr. = 120 gr. • ℈i = 1 x 20 gr. = 20 gr. 380 gr.

  11. Effervescent solutionsp.70 • A solution containing a recently prepared salt by combining an acid ( citric or/and tartaric) and alkali carbonate or bicarbonate ( potassium or sodium).

  12. Types of effervescent solution 1. Alkaline & acidic solutions dispensed in two separate bottles , one dose of each bottle is mixed just before administration.(Potion Reviere). 2. The alkaline salt is dispensed as powder in paper packets the patient adds the content of each packet to each dose of the acid dose 3. Mixture is dispensed charged with CO2 in tightly closed bottles ..the alkaline salt added at last & the bottle is corked &the cork is fixed with string.( Mg Citrate).

  13. Uses of CO2 in effervescent solution: 1)Refreshing 2)mask saline bad taste 3)digestive by stimulating gastric juice secretion Effervescent preparation are more agreeable to the taste when slightly acidic..so we add a slight excess of the acid .

  14. 1) Potion Reviere Uses:Antiemetic Solution No. 1 Rx Sodium bicarbonate 0.35gm Syrup 2 ml Water to 15 ml Fiat : Alkaline solution

  15. Solution No. 2 Rx Citric acid 0.4 gm Syrup of lemon 2 ml Water to 15 ml Fiat : Acid solution Prepare VI doses of each Sig: 15 ml of each to be mixed directly before use

  16. Calculations Solution No. 2 Rx Citric acid 0.4 gm Syrup of lemon 2 ml Water to 15 ml Fiat : Acid solution Solution No. 1 Rx Sodium bicarbonate 0.35gm Syrup 2 ml Water to 15 ml Fiat : Alkaline solution x 6 2.1 gm 12 ml 9o ml x 6 2.4 gm 12 ml 9o ml Prepare VI doses of each Sig: 15 ml of each to be mixed directly before use. Calculation: Soln 1 : ¾ vehicle (water) =[90-12] x ¾ =58.5 ml Soln 2 : ¾ vehicle (water) =[90-12] x ¾ =58.5 ml

  17. Procedure: The alkaline solution 1)add ¾ water 58 ml??? 2)Dissolve sodium bicarbonate 3)Filter using wetted cotton (if necessary) Clear solution 4)Add syrup(12 ml) 5)Complete to 90 ml with water

  18. The acid solution 1)add ¾ water 58 ml??? 2)Dissolve citric acid 3)Filter using wetted cotton (if necessary)Clear solution 4)Add syrup of lemon(12ml) 5)Complete to 90 ml with water Both must be clear

  19. Fiat : Alkaline solution Fiat : Acid solution Sig: 15 ml of each to be mixed directly before use. White label The Alkaline Solution One tablespoonful of each to be mixed directly before use. The Acid Solution One tablespoonful of each to be mixed directly before use.

  20. Can we use lemon syrup (sweetening agent) in solution 1 ?? NO, as lemon syrup contain citric acid react with NaHCO3 CO2 (effervescence) Why we use lemon syrup in solution 2?? Because flavor &taste of lemon syrup is matched & compatible with citric acid so can be used as flavoring & sweetening agent

  21. 2) Magnesium citratep.71 Uses: laxative ( magnesium citrate is the active ingredient) Rx Magnesium carbonate 1.5 gm Sodium bicarbonate 3 gm Citric acid 3 gm Distilled water to100 ml Fiat : mist Sig: m.d.s Calculation: ¾ vehicle (water) =100 x ¾ =75 ml

  22. Procedure: • In a beaker75 ml water • Dissolve 3g citric acid • Add 1.5 g magnesium carbonate • Boil on direct flame until clear solution is obtained • Transfer to cup measure & adjust the volume with water to 100 ml

  23. 6)Transfer into colourless 200 ml stoppered bottle ( test it!!) 7)Cool to room temperature(using tap water) 8) Add 3g NaHCO3on the wall of the bottle & immediately stopper the bottle 9)Dissolve the NaHCO3 by very gentle tilting of the bottle & slight rotation 10) Keep the bottle on its side in a cool place

  24. don’t try to open the bottle!!

  25. N.B. • This prescription illustrates the importance of the order of mixing : • First : citric + MgCO3(insoluble) heatMg Citrate (soluble)+ CO2cool add solubleNaHCO3 Clear solution • If solNaHCO3 is added first to citric acid soluble Na Citrate & on adding MgCO3(insoluble) , it will not find enough citric acid to change it to solubleMg Citrate so some of MgCO3remain insoluble (ppt).

  26. Auxilliary label “ keep in a cool place” as the solubility of CO2 gas is increased at lower temperature , At higher temperature , it will be gathered above the solution causing pressure & the conc in the solution will be lowered. • why we heat first?? to expel CO2 help formation of sol MgCitrate • role of citric acid: convert insoluble MgCO3to soluble Mg Citrate • Precaution required for storing solution charged with CO2 • a)keep bottle on its side • b) in a cool place.

  27. Fiat : mist Sig.: m.d.s. Keep InaCool Place The Mixture. To be taken as directed.

  28. Thank you

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