Information Ecosystem By Len Bullard

1. InformationEcosystemBy Len Bullard MOIS 432 Perihan Salam Fall 2005

2. What is Information Ecology? • The study of info. Ecosystem structures + patterns of behaviors. The result of the interaction of the instance of an info. Taxon with its environment. A testable unit of info. arranged in a predictable pattern.

3. What is Information Ecology? (Con’t) • Info. Ecosystem grouped lifecycle patterns Duration depends on Stability of the patterns within the constraints of an info. Ecosystems. as ∆ environment influences taxons’ behavior influence environment

4. What is Information Ecosystem? • a complex set of related taxons and the environment within which they exist at some measure of probability. • Grouped as: • 1) Information cenospecies (e.g., share protocols and possibly data formats). • 2) Information ecospecies • 3) Information ecotypes

5. HyTime/SGML • Is designed to model taxonomies of info. Ecotypes. • HyTime/SGML models are patterns which can be instantiated in the messaging protocol between an info. System client & its server. • 3 Approaches for behavioral modeling: • 1. Refer to external behavioral notations (e.g., Lisp, C, CGI). • Most common; used with SGML application. Exp. HTML. • 2. Use the facilities of SGML to declare an application language for behavior. • Demonstrated in commercial systems. Exp. InfoAccess + HTML. • 3. Combine these approaches through the use of HyTime and SGML. • Used in Metafile for Interactive Documents (MID).

6. Stable Information Ecology • Stability  the range within which relationships & behaviors remain predictable. • Set of relationships stabilize info ecosystems • Degree of stability correlation coefficient • Instability in many systems arise from the techniques by which they are developed & promoted. Expressed by

7. Complex Dynamic Info. Ecosystem • Taxons must be organized for coherent propagation. Encapsulates the concept that taxons must propagate efficiently in the minimal change in the pattern produced by their application Behaviors must be efficient Self organized (to analyze requests for activity & balance them with available resources Dynamic Ecosystems must be: Occurs through Self modifying Interconnections

8. Complex Dynamic Info. Ecosystem(Con’t) Set of Interconnected taxons  relationship may be augmented by rules which infer or determine what relationship is in effect. The Origins Complexity of Info. Ecosys. are: • The number of concurrent relationships among and between information ecotypes. • The behaviors that result from the traversal or activation of relationships. • The number and individual complexity of interacting instances of ecotypes.

9. Portability and Interoperability • For stable lifecycle the components of Info. Ecosystem must be: • Portability • info. Ecosystem share data formats. • provided by SGML • Interoperability • info. Ecosystem share protocols • provided by HyTime Enables taxons to be tested for conformance to certain environmental constraints. Provides a set of (architectural forms) by which the activity of linking and locating particular taxons within and external to the initiating ecosystem can interoperate.

10. Recognition • Kin recognition  determines how & if a relationship can be established + what behaviors are applied to that relationship. • Recognition techniques can be applied to improve hit rate. • Recognition tech. are a principle concern to researchers in the domain of resources discovery. • Direct recognition is most important in which non-familial ecotypes mix. The proportion of true values or addresses returned by a query to the actual number of returns.

11. Recognition (Con’t) • They can be used to ↑ the reliability of correlations. • Ecosystems use it as any tech. used in isolation is less effective at reducing the acquisition of false correlates. • Rec. occurs based on visible physical features. Can enable non-Kin to acquire that same recognition labels or reuses simple structures that contain different content. Cross – Bending Develop from the instantiation of genotypic characteristics being modified by interaction with the environment.

12. Structure & Content Organization • In SGML we can create: • Content application • Applied to the reserve. • Conforms to the content & identifies its class uniquely. • These taxons are conductive to properly location techniques, but require that meta-type identifier be applied in order to share them among other behaviors (display) • Have heavy taxons. • Structural application • Effective: when info. Ecosys. Environment is stressed by the need to share display & navigation code independent of topical content. • Weak: when environment is stressed by the need to recognize content prior to retrieving the containing structural taxons. • Have light taxons

13. Protocols • A standard set of rules for a formal communication  includes Rules for errors in the checking communication Rules for ensuring that the intended receiver is ready to receive the message

14. Dynamic Viewpoints • Dynamic Viewpoints are achieved by the combination of indirect address techniques and by adding behaviors, which enable the selection of objective views. These take the form of: • Independent link models • Location models • Behavioral descriptions

15. Life Cycle Patterns • The concept of information ecosystem behaviors infers that these behaviors may be arranged in lifecycle patterns to determine with reasonable certainty: 1. When a pattern is opening or closing and if it is allowable within environmental constraints 2. What transitions must occur at the junctures of patterns 3. What taxons and taxon instances survive into the next pattern cycle

16. Metaphor • It enlightens us to the hidden potentials in topics, which we understand well. Otherwise, a metaphor is dangerous in that it entices us to make predictions based on comparisons, which in the long run are found to be false or trivial.

17. Thank You all  Wish me luck for graduation