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The Nervous System

The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body, allowing us to feel pain and respond to internal and external stimuli. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs. Neurons carry electrical messages called impulses. Reflexes protect the body before the brain processes information. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system consists of sensory and motor divisions.

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The Nervous System

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  1. The Nervous System www.assignmentpoint.com

  2. The Nervous System Electrical Communication www.assignmentpoint.com

  3. The Nervous System Main Function: This communication system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. Our nervous system allows us to feel pain. www.assignmentpoint.com

  4. The Nervous System Consists of:brain, spinal cord, nerves and sense organs www.assignmentpoint.com Sense Organs: Eyes, Skin, Ears, Nose & Tongue

  5. The Nerve A nerveis an organ containing a bundle of nerve cells calledneurons. Neurons carryelectricalmessages calledimpulsesthroughout the body. Picture shows hundreds of severed neuron axons www.assignmentpoint.com

  6. dendrite muscle tissue Axon cell body TYPICAL MOTOR NEURON synapse Impulse in a Neuron cell body www.assignmentpoint.com

  7. Because neurons never touch, chemical signalers calledneurotransmittersmust travel through thespace calledsynapsebetween two neurons. Neurotransmitters (pink spheres) The message is transferred whenRECEPTORSreceive neurotrans-mitters. Synapse (gap) www.assignmentpoint.com

  8. 1 2 3 Parts of a Neuron • Cell body:contains nucleus & most of the cytoplasm • Dendrites:projections that bring impulses into the neuron to the cell body. • Axon:long projection that carries impulses away from cell body www.assignmentpoint.com

  9. Types of Neurons Sensory Neuron Interneuron Synapse Synapse Motor Neuron Interneuron Synapse Muscle Contracts Motor Neuron Sensory Neuron www.assignmentpoint.com

  10. Sensory Neuron carry impulses from sense organs to spinal cord & brain Fun Fact: Where can the largest cells in the world be found? The giraffe’s sensory and motor neurons! Some must bring impulses from the bottom of their legs to their spinal cord several meters away!! www.assignmentpoint.com

  11. Interneuron • processes impulses in brain and spinal cord • - connect sensory and motor neurons www.assignmentpoint.com

  12. Axon End Motor Neurons carry impulses from the brain & spinal cord to muscles & glands Axons branching out to muscle fibers www.assignmentpoint.com

  13. Communication with Neurons • Nerves work together with muscles for movement. Animpulsebegins when one neuron is stimulated by another neuron or by the sense organs. • Theimpulsetravels down the axons ofSensory neuronsto the brain cells calledInterneurons. • The brain will then send animpulse throughmotor neuronsto the necessary muscle or organs, telling it to contract. www.assignmentpoint.com

  14. A reflexis an involuntary response that is processed in thespinal cordnot the brain. Reflexes protect the body before the brain knows what is going on. Reflex Arc www.assignmentpoint.com

  15. Cerebrum brain Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata Spinal Cord Central Nervous System Consists of: Brain and Spinal Cord www.assignmentpoint.com

  16. Central Nervous System www.assignmentpoint.com

  17. Peripheral Nervous System Consists of:Sensorydivision andMotor division -includes all sensory neurons, motor neurons, and sense organs www.assignmentpoint.com

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