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The Pygmalion Effect

Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobsen (1968) conducted a research in an elementary school about the old concept of the Pygmalion effect or the effect of self-fulfilling prophecies.

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The Pygmalion Effect

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  1. an enduring concept THE PYGMALION EFFECT

  2. Pygmalion… who?

  3. Pygmalion’s sculpture • In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was a legendary king and a sculptor from Cyprus. • Ovid recreated in his narrative poem Metamorphoses the story of the sculptor who fell in love with his ivory sculpture that was given life by Aphrodite at Pygmalion’s request.

  4. George Bernard Shaw and his XXth century • Pygmalion • The British writer adapts the myth into a story of a linguist choosing to transform a flower seller into a refined young lady by changing the way she speaks and polishing her manners. In the process he ends up falling in love with her.

  5. Famous BOOK • Watch a fragment of My Fair Lady- the musical: • MyFairLady Becomes a renowned comedy movie and hit musical. Still being widely performed in college drama courses.

  6. Today

  7. PyGMALION effect • also know as the Rosenthal effect, is the phenomenon whereby higher expectations lead to an increase in performance. In modern sociology the effect is referred to in relation with education and social class.

  8. Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobsen’s work • The study conducted by Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobsen (1968), among others, proved that teacher expectations influence student performance. • Rosenthal studied covert communication to prove the Pygmalion Effect: the nonverbal language of vocal tone, facial expressions, posture and gestures that make up the bulk of human expression. Robert Rosenthal defined the Pygmalion effect as “the phenomenon whereby one person’s expectation for another person’s behavior comes to serve as a self-fulfilling prophecy” (American Psychologist,Nov. 2003, p. 839).

  9. Reach For the StarsS CLUB 7 Sung in elementary schools as a motivational song for children and teachers as a community supporting each other for success. Listen to the song here: • Reachforthestars Reach for the starsClimb every mountain higherReach for the starsFollow your heart's desireReach for the starsAnd when that rainbow's shining over youThat's when your dreams will all come true There's a place waiting just for you (waiting just for you)Is a special place where your dreams all come trueFly away (fly away) swim the ocean blue (swim the ocean blue)Drive that open road, leave the past behind youDon't stop gotta keep moving,Your hopes gotta keep building!

  10. In THE CLASSROOM • The original research of Rosenthal and Jacobsen focused on an experiment at an elementary school where students took intelligence pre-tests. Rosenthal and Jacobsen then informed the teachers of the names of twenty percent of the students in the school who were showing “unusual potential for intellectual growth” and would bloom academically within the year. ‘When we expect certain behaviors of others, we are likely to act in ways that make the expected behavior more likely to occur.’(Rosenthal and Babad, 1985)

  11. In THE CLASSROOM • 1.Warmer climate-teachers are nicer verbally and nonverbally to children they have a positive expectation from; • 2. Input factor-teachers tend to teach more those children that they consider early bloomers; • 3. Response opportunity: teachers tend to give more chances to answer to certain children; • 4. Feedback-praised for giving a good answer, teacher is willing to accept a lesser response and not clarify; There have been 4 factors for self-fulfilling prophecies proven determinant in classroom behaviour:

  12. In THE CLASSROOM • Study Results • The researchers tested the students after 8 months and they discovered that the randomly selected students who teachers thought would bloom scored significantly • higher. 8 Months Later…

  13. In a work environment • ‘If you expect the best in others, constructive criticism doesn’t have to sound like reprobation.’ • According to: Thomas Oppong in Pygmalion Effect: How Expectation Shape Behaviour For Better or Worse • https://medium.com/@alltopstartups/pygmalion-effect-how-expectation-shape-behaviour-for-better-or-worse-11e7e8fa7f4b Management expectations of employees can also alter management behavior, and subsequently affect staff results. If you receive frequent recognition from your boss, you are likely to feel motivated and will tend to achieve an even better performance. On the contrary, if you are continuously questioned and your work is ruthlessly criticized, the quality of your work can suffer. Contrasted with the Pygmalion effect is the negative Golem effect, in which lowering manager expectations impairs subordinate performance.

  14. Don’t forget to:

  15. Thank You FOR WaTCHInG! Raducu Ioana-Cristina, an 1 PIPP-ID

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