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2. Terms • Examples Being an Ethical Surveyor Dr. Richard Lucas FACS Information Systems,University of Canberra Adjunct Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics (CAPPE) • Help (sort of) • Challenges • at Charles Sturt University

3. It needs no proof that • neither economic activities • nor any other class of human activities • can rightly • be made independent • of • moral laws. • John Maynard Keynes • 1890

4. Surveyor • Ethics /Morals Terms • from the • Anglo-Norman French • surveiour • a set of values • for • determining • right and wrong • Ethics are what differentiates or creates a profession; without ethics it becomes a business or service which is sold at the lowest price.

5. Reading (or writing) about the virtues of fictional characters has little power to instill those virtues in us. • Mark Eddy Smith Tolkien’s Ordinary Virtues

6. 7. • 1. Moral Exemplars • 6. • 2. Who? What? Why? • 5. • 4. • 3.

7. Dirk Hartog • Surveyor • Exploring (Dutch) • 1616 • Virtue: • Courage

8. George Washington • Surveyor • Duh!! • (Think apple trees) • 1770’s • Virtue: • Truthfulness

9. Rufus Putnam • (Gen.) • Surveyor • Me (7th Great Grandfather’s brother’s son) • 1st U. S. Surveyor General • 1796 - 1803 • Rufus • Virtue: • Richard • Diligence

10. Henry David Thoreau • Surveyor • Lazing about. • mid 1800’s • Virtue: • (Dis) obedience, • Simplicity

11. William John Wills • Surveyor • Silly walking • mid 1800’s • Virtue: • Courage

12. George Goyder • Surveyor • Goyder Line • mid 1860’s • Virtue: • Honesty

13. Irene Martin (nee Barclay) • Surveyor • 1st female member of RICS • Patron of the poor • Slum redevelopment • 1922 - 1989 • Virtue: • Compassion

14. Len Beadell • Surveyor • Gunbarrel Highway • The Last Australian Explorer • mid 1900’s • Virtue: • Generosity

15. Good Faith What does all that give us? • Courage • (Dis) obedience, • Simplicity • Truthfulness The Virtues • Compassion • Generosity • Diligence

16. Construction Management and Economics (2001) 19, 19-36 • A study of quantity surveyors' ethical behaviour • Linda Fan, Christabel Ho, and Vincent Ng • Does not mention virtue: gets deontology wrong. Academics!! • Construction Management and Economics (2001) 19, 481-491 • Competencies of professional quantity surveyors: a South African perspective • RAYMOND NKADO and TERRY MEYER • dedication to the public interest, conformance to a code of ethics and the acquisition of a high standard of expertise. • Our code … should be dictated by our conception of Christianity and chivalry, treating Ethics from a practical point of view or rather as a practical service rather than a speculative or abstract one. • The Australian Surveyor, November 1928 • Code of Ethics - A Guide to Professional Conduct • J. Wilkes

17. Strategic Integration of Surveying Services FIG Working Week 2007 Hong Kong SAR, China, 13-17 May 2007 • Ethics for Surveyors – what are the problems? • Ashley DABSON, Frances PLIMMER, Sarah KENNEY and Mike WATERS • Does not mention virtue or rights. • Ethics problems More academics!! • Difference between public and private sectors. • Work pressures / role of employers. • Client entertaining. • Influence of clients on ethical behaviour. • Construction Management and Economics (2003) 21, 43–67 • Quantity surveyors' background and training, and their ethical concepts, conceptions and interests considerations • Ho Man-Fong Christabel and Ng Chi-Wai Vincent • 24 Hypotheses!! • It can be concluded that the moderating effects of background variables are contingent upon the specific ethical perception concerned. • Poon, Joanna and Hoxley, Mike 2010, Use of moral theory to analyse the ethical codes of built environment professional organisations: A case study of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 260-275. • Best account of what ethics is. • interviewees who have been RICS members for longer and have more involvement with RICS professional ethics tend to have stronger opinions. They tend to think virtue ethics theory is the most appropriate theory to explain professional ethics.

18. What are the problems? • Difference between public and private sectors (more protection in public) • Work pressures / role of employers (role conflict - see Venn diagram - next slide) • Client entertaining (bribery or hospitality?) • Influence of clients on ethical behaviour (pressure to cut corners) • Influence of fees/commission (undue influence or mere incentive) • Bids (late bids, fake bids) • Estate agency (gazzumping and gazundering) • Competency (earn while you learn? Bait and switch) • Job specific issues - stories of experiences (preferential promotion)

19. You • Profession • Three Ethics • Client/Boss • http://cartesianproduct.wordpress.com/2012/08/12/venn-diagrams-for-11-sets/

20. Thanks for (almost) nothing! What’s a sheep to do? • *Turkish

21. Read: Virtue Ethics for GIS Professionals by Nancy J. Obermeyer in Research Trends in Geographic Information Science, 2009 pp.27-37 for a great account of virtue.

22. Courage • Generosity • Compassion • — • social justice • Diligence • Simplicity • Honesty • Good • Faith • — • Trust

23. Case Studies RICS • http://www.rics.org/au/the-profession/professional-and-ethical-standards/ethical-case-studies/ • and their Decision Tree • Some keywords: may, likely, legal, suggest, should.

24. Courage • Honesty • Compassion • Trust • Diligence • Simplicity • Generosity • What to do • with these virtues? • add • Dependability • Integrity

25. welfare and rights (1) • honour and dignity (2) • responsibility and integrity (3) • responsibility and competence (4) • confidentiality (6) • impartiality (7) • transparency (8) • fairness (9) Institution of Surveyors Victoria Code of Ethics • http://www.surveying.org.au

26. Integrity • Independence • Care and competence • Duty • Public interest Fédération Internationale des Géomètres Ethical Principles

27. honesty, justice, and courtesy • welfare and rights • trust • honour and dignity • fairness, honesty and in good faith • consequences • diligence iSNSW Code of Ethics

29. The opening of the railway line! — the Governor and all!With flags and banners down the street, a banquet and a ball. Hark to 'em at the station now! They're raising cheer on cheer!'The man who brought the railway through — our friend the engineer.' They cheer his pluck and enterprise and engineering skill!'Twas my old husband found the pass behind that big red hill. Before the engineer was born we'd settled with our stockBehind that great big mountain chain, a line of range and rock. A line that kept us starving there in weary weeks of drought,With ne'er a track across the range to let the cattle out.

30. "'Twas then, with horses starved and weak and scarcely fit to crawl,My husband went to find a way across the rocky wall.He vanished in the wilderness – God knows where he was gone –He hunted till his food gave out, but still he battled on.His horses strayed ('twas well they did), they made towards the grass,And down behind that big red hill they found an easy pass. • "He followed up and blazed the trees, to show the safest track,Then drew his belt another hole and turned and started back.His horses died – just one pulled through with nothing much to spare;God bless the beast that brought him home, the old white Arab mare!We drove the cattle through the hills, along the new-found way,And this was our first camping-ground – just where I live today. • "Then others came across the range and built the township here,And then there came the railway line and this young engineer;He drove about with tents and traps, a cook to cook his meals,A bath to wash himself at night, a chain-man at his heels.And that was all the pluck and skill for which he's cheered and praised,For after all he took the track, the same my husband blazed!

31. "My poor old husband, dead and gone with never a feast nor cheer;He's buried by the railway line! – I wonder can he hearWhen by the very track he marked, and close to where he's laid,The cattle trains go roaring down the one-in-thirty grade.I wonder does he hear them pass, and can he see the sightWhen, whistling shrill, the fast express goes flaming by at night. • "I think 'twould comfort him to know there's someone left to care;I'll take some things this very night and hold a banquet there –The hard old fare we've often shared together, him and me,Some damper and a bite of beef, a pannikin of tea:We'll do without the bands and flags, the speeches and the fuss,We know who ought to get the cheers – and that's enough for us. • "What's that? They wish that I'd come down – the oldest settler here!Present me to the Governor and that young engineer!Well, just you tell his Excellence, and put the thing polite,I'm sorry, but I can't come down – I'm dining out tonight!" • The First Surveyor • Banjo Paterson

32. Reading (or writing) about the virtues of fictional characters has little power to instill those virtues in us. • Mark Eddy Smith Tolkien’s Ordinary Virtues

33. When the time comes for someone to read your virtues • what will they say?

34. Thanks for listening • No risk - no life - Do the Right Thing • Richard