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Volcanoes

Volcanoes. Volcanism:. Any activity that includes the movement of magma towards or onto Earth’s surface. Magma:. Liquid rock produced under the Earth’s surface. Lava:. Magma that flows onto the Earth’s surface. Volcano:.

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Volcanoes

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  1. Volcanoes

  2. Volcanism: • Any activity that includes the movement of magma towards or onto Earth’s surface

  3. Magma: • Liquid rock produced under the Earth’s surface

  4. Lava: • Magma that flows onto the Earth’s surface

  5. Volcano: • A vent or fissure in Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled

  6. Subduction Zone Formation • Convergent  Oceanic-Continental • Denser oceanic crust sinks underneath less dense continental crust • As a result an ocean trench and mountains on the continental crust are created • Water, melted crust, and mantle materials form magma • Magma rises to the surface forming a volcanic mountain range

  7. Subduction Zone Formation • Convergent  Oceanic-Oceanic • One plate subducts under the other and melts into magma • Magma rises to surface and builds up over time to form an island arc

  8. Mid-Ocean Ridge Formation • Divergent • Magma rises up to create new crust and form underwater volcanoes

  9. Hot Spot Formation: • Hot Spot – a volcanically active area of Earth’s surface, commonly far away from a boundary • Magma rises to the surface from a stationary location forming a volcanic island • The plate moves over top of it, creating a chain of islands

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