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Design and Implementation of Smartphone-based Systems and Networking. Dong Xuan Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University, USA. Outline. Smartphones Basics Mobile Social Networks E-Commerce E-Health Safety Monitoring Future Research Directions.
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Dong Xuan
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
The Ohio State University, USA
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senses information published by Bluetooth to help potential friends find each other (written in Java)
Drunk Driving Detection [Per-Health10]: uses smartphone (Google G1) accelerometer and orientation sensor to detect
Stealthy Video Capturer [ACM WiSec09]: secretly senses its environment and records video via smartphone camera and sends it to a third party (Windows Mobile application)
Download & Run
Video sent by Email
Captured Video
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Concept
Application Scenario
Goals and Challenges
System Design
Implementation and Experiments
Remarks
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Sensor
Help
Decide
Decide
User Maual Input
Online Data Mining
Feedback
Valve
Generator
Filter
Information
BT
Device
Database
BT
Service
WiFi
Intuitive Approach: Localization
However, imprecision beyond 20-25 meters
3 Outdoor Experiments:
Open field campus
2 Indoor Experiments:
Large classroom
Large-Scale Simulations:
Angle deviation CDFs
12 times of exemplary direction decisions
Centralized mobile phones applications
Social Serendipity
Centralized, Bluetooth MAC and profile matching, SMS, strangers
Decentralized mobile phone applications
Nokia Sensor
Distributed, profile, Bluetooth / Wifi connection, existing friends
E-Smalltalker
Distributed, no Bluetooth / Wifi connection, strangers
Localization techniques for mobile phones applications
GPS
Virtual Compass
peer-based relative positioning system using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth radios
Limitations
Privacy compromise
Unable to capture the dynamics of surroundings
No mapping between electronic ID and human face
Localization techniques either not pervasive or not accurate for long range
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Propose, design, implement and evaluate the E-Shadow system which lubricates local social interactions
E-Shadow concept
Layered publishing to capture the dynamics of surroundings
Human-assisted matching that works for mapping E-Shadow with its owner in a fairly large distance
Implementing and evaluating E-Shadow on real world mobile phones
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Coupon Distribution
A Naïve Approach
Challenges
System Design
Implementation and Experiments
Remarks
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Electronic coupons
Similar to paper coupons
Can be stored on mobile phones
Two distribution methods
Downloading from Internet websites
Need to define target group
Limited coverage
Hard to maintain dynamic preferences lists on central databases
Peer to Peer Distribution
No special destination/target group
More coverage
More flexible user-maintained preferences list
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A store periodically broadcast the coupon
Users within broadcast range receive the coupon
User can decide whether to use, forward or discard the coupon
Users forward the coupon to others in physical proximity
Forwarder’s IDs are recorded in a dynamically expanding list
The coupon is used by some user
The store reward all users who have forwarded the coupon
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Require manually establishing wireless connections
Cumbersome
Not prompt
Not possible for coupon forwarding among strangers
Require recording the entire forwarding path
Potential privacy leakage
Discourage user’s forwarding incentives
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Probabilistic sampling on forwarding path
Keep only one forwarder for each coupon: NO privacy leakage
Probabilistically flip ownership at each hop
Accurate approximation of coupon rewards
plenty of chances of interpersonal encounters
Accurate bonus distribution with 50 coupons and 5000 people
Adaptive to different promotion strategies
Flip-once model
Always-flip model
No manual connection establishment
Connectionless information exchange via Bluetooth SDP
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Store Side
A central server for broadcasting and redeeming coupons
Client side
Coupon forwarding manager, coupon exchange, coupon data store, user interface
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Always-Flip Model
The coupon ownership keeps flipping with certain probability at each hop.
Good at assigning relative bonuses affected by the whole path lengths
E.g. the parent forwarder receives k times the bonus given to children forwarders
The flip probability can be calculated in advance by the store, once k is fixed, using the following formula
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Extension: Flip-Once Model
Once flipped, a coupon’s ownership remain the same in a forwarding path.
Good at assigning absolute bonuses irrelevant of the number of following forwarders
E.g. hop 1 user gets 10%, hop 2 user gets 5%, etc.
The flip probability can be calculated in advance by the store using the following formula
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J2ME
about 17 java classes, 1390Kb jar file
On real phones
Samsung (SGH-i550), Nokia (N82, 6650, N71x)
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Experimental evaluations
Coupon forwarding time
Power consumption
Simulation evaluation
Number of Coupon holders vs. Time
Distribution saturation time vs. Number of Seeds
Coupon ownership distribution for probabilistic sampling
Deviation between theoretical and actual bonus (Always-Flip, Flip-Once)
Factors
Number of coupons
Number of users
Number of initial coupon holders
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Average coupon forwarding time is 33.52 seconds
Nokia N82 last 25 hours with P3-Coupon running in background
One coupon could be delivered to 5000 people within 32 hours
Very small deviation between theoretical and actual bonus distribution with 50 coupons circulating among 5000 people
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Propose, design, implement and evaluate the P3-Coupon system which helps prompt and privacy preserving coupon distribution
Probabilistic one-ownership coupon forwarding algorithm
Implement the system on various types of mobile phones
Extensive experiments and evaluations show that our approach accurately approximate the theoretical coupon distribution in which the whole forwarding path needs to be recorded
Practical for real-world deployment
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Motivation
Our Contributions
Detection Criteria
Our System
Related Work
Implementation and Evaluation
Remarks
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* Data from U.S. NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration)
** Data from U.S. CDC (Central of Disease Control)
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Abrupt speed variations
Abnormal lateral movements
Driver’s problems in controlling speed
Patterns of longitudinal acceleration of vehicles
Driver’s problems in maintaining lane position
Patterns of lateral acceleration of vehicles
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☆ User interface☆ System configuration ☆ Monitoring daemon
☆ Data processing ☆ Alert notification
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First to propose utilizing mobile phones as a platform for developing active drunk driving detection system
Design and implement an efficient detection system based on mobile phone platforms
Experimental results show our system achieves good detection performance and power efficiency
In the future work, to improve the system with additional calibration procedure and by integrating all available sensing data on a mobile phone such as camera image
Smartphones have brought significant impacts to our daily life.
We present five exemplary systems on mobile social networking, e-commerce, e-health and safety.
Research and development on smartphones will be hot.
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