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Astronomical Influences on Earth: Plate Tectonics and Planetary Chemistry

Explore the fascinating connections between astronomical events and the dynamics of Earth's geology. This material delves into how factors such as supernovae, comets, and the Oort Cloud influence planetary chemistry and tectonic movements, shaping our Earth and Moon system. Discover the significance of the Milankovitch cycles in climate evolution, the types of plate boundaries, and the formation of essential geological structures like Pangaea. This interdisciplinary understanding enriches our perspective on Earth’s past and future.

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Astronomical Influences on Earth: Plate Tectonics and Planetary Chemistry

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  1. Astronomical Influences Plate Tectonics Planetary Chemistry Earth/MoonSystem Past andFuture $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500

  2. C1 $100 Earth has elements heavier than lead. This is supporting evidence for this to have happened before the formation of our solar system.

  3. C1? $100 What is a Supernova? http://www.carspace.com/.5bd9a683/cmd.233/embedded..5c46da6b

  4. C1 $200 Comets are from this region of our solar system.

  5. C1 $200 What is the Oort Cloud? http://astro.berkeley.edu/~conor/ay250/pluto.html

  6. C1 $300 Asteroids are primarily from this region in our solar system.

  7. C1 $300 What is the Asteroid Belt? http://www.semp.us/_images/biots/Biot443PhotoA.jpg

  8. C1 $400 The hypothesis that Earth-like planets are rare because they must be found in this zone in the Galaxy and position in their solar system.

  9. C1 $400 What is the Habitable Zone? http://www.star.le.ac.uk/edu/Extrasolar.shtml

  10. C1 $500 The Earth’s Eccentricity (elliptical orbit), obliquity (tilt) and precession (wobble) can be correlated to the ice ages and warming periods between

  11. C1 $500 What are the Milankovitch Cycles?

  12. C2 $100 The Himalayas are an example of this type of plate boundary

  13. C2 $100 What is convergent plate boundary? http://courses.unt.edu/hwilliams/GEOG_3350/examreviews/exam1images/Fg17_23c.jpg

  14. C2 $200 The spreading on the Atlantic sea floor is a type of this.

  15. C2 $200 What is a diverging plate boundary? http://www.whoi.edu/cms/images/lstokey/2005/1/v42n2-mativey3en_5727.jpg

  16. C2 $300 These boundaries grind sideways against each other.

  17. C2 $300 What is a transform boundary? http://www.visionlearning.com/library/modules/mid66/Image/VLObject-3571-060216020229.jpg

  18. C2 $400 The Super-continent that formed ~250 MYA

  19. C2 $400 What is Pangaea? Scotese, C.R., 2002, http://www.scotese.com, (PALEOMAP website)

  20. C2 $500 In the theory of plate tectonics, the plates are part of this, riding on the viscous asthenosphere.

  21. C2 $500 What is the lithosphere? http://www.suu.edu/faculty/colberg/Hazards/PlateTectonics/PlateBoundaries.jpg

  22. C3 $100 This molecule. http://www.globalwarmingart.com/images/b/b1/Water_Molecule_VdW.png

  23. C3 $100 What is Water?

  24. C3 $200 This molecule. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Carbon-dioxide-3D-vdW.svg

  25. C3 $200 What is carbon dioxide?

  26. C3 $300 The three oxygen molecule that is formed by and absorbs ultra-violet radiation.

  27. C3 $300 What is Ozone? http://blogs.nature.com/climatefeedback/Ozone_Molecule_VdW.png

  28. C3 $400 The most important greenhouse gas.

  29. C3 $400 What is water vapor? http://udl.concord.org/activities/CloudActivity/images/cloud-in-air-wiki.jpg

  30. C3 $500 This is what greenhouse gases absorb.

  31. C3 $500 What is infra-red radiation? Heat http://www.cyberphysics.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/topics/radioact/Radio/EMSpectrumcolor.jpg

  32. C4 $100 The hypothesis that the Earth was struck by a Mars-sized object and resulted in this.

  33. C4 $100 What is the moon’s origin? http://jeffreykishner.com/images/full_moon_large.jpg

  34. C4 $200 Rock formed when it is melted and then cooled.

  35. C4 $200 What is Igneous Rock? http://windward.hawaii.edu/facstaff/mccoy-f/lava2sm.jpg

  36. C4 $300 Rock formed by heat and pressure.

  37. C4 $300 What is metamorphic rock? http://www.tuttomosaico.com/2005/images/TS-MARBLE-ALL1.jpg

  38. C4 $400 Rock formed from particles of weathered rock, cemented together with minerals. Most fossils are found in this type of rock.

  39. C4 $400 What is sedimentary rock? http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/age-dinosaur-bones-2.jpg

  40. C4 $500 This convergent boundary is how Mt. St. Helens was formed (because of these two types of plates).

  41. C4 $500 What is the result of continental and oceanic plates meeting? http://www.alancolville.com/plates/cascades.jpg

  42. C5 $100 This protects us from solar winds.

  43. C5 $100 What is the magnetosphere? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic

  44. C5 $200 How the sun has changed through time.

  45. C5 $200 What is getting bigger and hotter? http://www.tc.cornell.edu/~slantz/SPUR/SPUR97/sun_pictures/

  46. C5 $300 This is the origin of our magnetic fields.

  47. C5 $300 What is the metal liquid outer core? http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/Y2003/images/magneticfield/world-pr.gif

  48. C5 $400 The estimated age of life based on chemical evidence.

  49. C5 $400 What is 3.8 GYA (billion years old)? http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/07/060721090947.htm

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